Chen, Tzu-Yin; Chen, Mei-Ru; Liu, Shan-Wen; Lin, Jin-Yan; Yang, Ya-Ting; Huang, Hsin-Ying; Chen, Jen-Kun; Yang, Chung-Shi; Lin, Kurt Ming-Chao published the artcile< Assessment of polyethylene glycol-coated gold nanoparticle toxicity and inflammation in vivo using NF-κB reporter mice>, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-(6-Hydroxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, the main research area is polyethylene glycol coated gold nanoparticle toxicity inflammation reporter mice; NF-κB; PEG surface modification; gold nanoparticle; liver inflammation; reporter imaging; steatosis.
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) improves AuNP distribution via blood circulation. The use of PEG-coated AuNPs was shown to result in acute injuries to the liver, kidney, and spleen, but long-term toxicity has not been well studied. In this study, we investigated reporter induction for up to 90 days in NF-κB transgenic reporter mice following i.v. injection of PEG-coated AuNPs. The results of different doses (1 and 4μg AuNPs per g of body weight), particle sizes (13 nm and 30 nm), and PEG surfaces (methoxyl- or carboxymethyl-PEG 5 kDa) were compared. The data showed up to 7-fold NF-κB reporter induction in mouse liver from 3 h to 7 d post PEG-AuNP injection compared to saline-injected control mice, and gradual reduction to a level similar to control by 90 days. Agglomerates of PEG-AuNPs were detected in liver Kupffer cells, but neither gross pathol. abnormality in liver sections nor increased activity of liver enzymes were found at 90 days. Injection of PEG-AuNPs led to an increase in collagen in liver sections and elevated total serum cholesterol, although still within the normal range, suggesting that inflammation resulted in mild fibrosis and affected hepatic function. Administrating PEG-AuNPs inevitably results in nanoparticles entrapped in the liver; thus, further investigation is required to fully assess the long-term impacts by PEG-AuNPs on liver health.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Hepatotoxicity. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-(6-Hydroxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid.
Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica