In 2005,Kuo, Gee-Hong; Wang, Aihua; Emanuel, Stuart; DeAngelis, Alan; Zhang, Rui; Connolly, Peter J.; Murray, William V.; Gruninger, Robert H.; Sechler, Jan; Fuentes-Pesquera, Angel; Johnson, Dana; Middleton, Steven A.; Jolliffe, Linda; Chen, Xin published 《Synthesis and Discovery of Pyrazine-Pyridine Biheteroaryl as a Novel Series of Potent Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 Inhibitors》.Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published the findings.Product Details of 3034-22-8 The information in the text is summarized as follows:
Pathol. angiogenesis is associated with disease states such as cancer, diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, endometriosis, and psoriasis. There is much evidence that direct inhibition of the kinase activity of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) will result in the reduction of angiogenesis and the suppression of tumor growth. Attempts to optimize a cyclin-dependent kinase-1 (CDK1) inhibitor by using palladium-catalyzed C-C bond, C-N bond formation reactions to assemble diverse biheteroaryl mols. led to the unexpected discovery of a pyrazine-pyridine biheteroaryl as a novel series of potent VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The pyridinylpyrazine I, which had IC50 = 0.084 μM at VEGFR-2, showed very modest selectivity against fibroblast growth factor receptor-2 (IC50 = 0.21 μM), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (IC50 = 0.36 μM), and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (IC50 = 0.478 μM), while it exhibited more than 10-fold selectivity against epidermal growth factor receptor (IC50 = 1.36 μM) and insulin-R kinase (IC50 = 1.69 μM). On the other hand, I exhibited > 100-fold selectivity against calmodulin kinase 2; casein kinase-1 and -2; CDK1 and -4; mitogen-activated protein kinase; and protein kinase A, Cβ2, and Cγ (IC50 >10 μM). I also displayed high inhibitory potency on VEGF-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation (IC50 = 0.005 μM) and good selectivity against cell lines such as HUVEC, human aortic smooth muscle cells, and MRC5 lung fibroblasts. Mol. docking studies were conducted in an attempt to rationalize the unexpected high VEGFR-2 selectivity of I. In addition to this study using 5-Bromothiazol-2-amine, there are many other studies that have used 5-Bromothiazol-2-amine(cas: 3034-22-8Product Details of 3034-22-8) was used in this study.
5-Bromothiazol-2-amine(cas: 3034-22-8) belongs to anime. Many important products require amines as part of their syntheses. Methylamine is utilized in the production of the analgesic meperidine (trade name Demerol) and the photographic developer Metol (trademark), and dimethylamine is used in the synthesis of the antihistamine diphenhydramine (trade name Benadryl), the solvent dimethylformamide (DMF), and the rocket propellant 1,1-dimethylhydrazine. The synthesis of the insect repellent N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) incorporates diethylamine while that of the synthetic fibre Kevlar requires aromatic amines.Product Details of 3034-22-8
Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica