Month: October 2022

Endo, Mizuki; Ozawa, Takeaki published the artcile< Advanced bioluminescence system for in vivo imaging with brighter and red-shifted light emission>, SDS of cas: 2591-17-5, the main research area is review luciferase luciferin bioluminescence resonance energy transfer; bioluminescence; bioluminescence resonance energy transfer; luciferase; luciferin.

A review. In vivo bioluminescence imaging (BLI), which is based on luminescence emitted by the luciferase-luciferin reaction, has enabled continuous monitoring of various biochem. processes in living animals. Bright luminescence with a high signal-to-background ratio, ideally red or near-IR light as the emission maximum, is necessary for in vivo animal experiments Various attempts have been undertaken to achieve this goal, including genetic engineering of luciferase, chem. modulation of luciferin, and utilization of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). In this review, we overview a recent advance in the development of a bioluminescence system for in vivo BLI. We also specifically examine the improvement in bioluminescence intensity by mutagenic or chem. modulation on several beetle and marine luciferase bioluminescence systems. We further describe that intramol. BRET enhances luminescence emission, with recent attempts for the development of red-shifted bioluminescence system, showing great potency in in vivo BLI. Perspectives for future improvement of bioluminescence systems are discussed.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Bioluminescence. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, SDS of cas: 2591-17-5.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Kikelj, D.; Urleb, U. published the artcile< Product class 17: thiazoles>, Quality Control of 96929-05-4, the main research area is review thiazole preparation.

A review of synthetic methods to prepare thiazoles as well as reactive modifications of thiazole moieties.

Science of Synthesis published new progress about Cyclization. 96929-05-4 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C12H18N2O4S, Quality Control of 96929-05-4.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Roever, Stephan; Cesura, Andrea M.; Huguenin, Philipp; Kettler, Rolf; Szente, Andre published the artcile< Synthesis and Biochemical Evaluation of N-(4-Phenylthiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamides as High-Affinity Inhibitors of Kynurenine 3-Hydroxylase>, Quality Control of 57493-24-0, the main research area is phenylthiazolylbenzensulfonamide preparation kynurenine hydroxylase inhibitor; thiazolylbenzensulfonamide preparation kynurenine hydroxylase inhibitor; structure activity phenylthiazolylbenzenesulfonamide kynurenine hydroxylase inhibitor.

The synthesis, structure-activity relationship (SAR), and biochem. characterization of N-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamides as inhibitors of kynurenine 3-hydroxylase is described. Thiazolbenzenesulfonamides I (IC50 = 37 nM, Ro-61-8048) and and II (IC50 = 19 nM) were high-affinity inhibitors of this enzyme in vitro. In addition, both compounds blocked rat and gerbil kynurenine 3-hydroxylase after oral administration, with ED50’s in the 3-5 μmol/kg range in gerbil brain. In a microdialysis experiment in rats, I dose dependently increased kynurenic acid concentration in the extracellular hippocampal fluid. A dose of 100 μmol/kg po led to a 7.5-fold increase in kynurenic acid outflow. These new compounds should allow detailed investigation of the pathophysiol. role of the kynurenine pathway after neuronal injury.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Structure-activity relationship, enzyme-inhibiting. 57493-24-0 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C9H7N3O2S, Quality Control of 57493-24-0.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Su, H.; Yang, J.-H.; Lu, C.-F.; Chen, Z.-X.; Yang, G.-C. published the artcile< A study of the alkylation and acylation of N-acylthiazolidinethione>, SDS of cas: 171877-39-7, the main research area is acylthiazolidinethione alkylation acylation.

Studying the alkylation and acylation of N-acylthiazolidinethione, the desired α-alkylated products and C-acylated products are not obtained, but rather the S-alkylated products and O-acylated products were obtained. The possible mechanism proposed shows that the deprotonation agent and electrophilic species are responsible for the stability of enolates. The enolates derived from N-acylthiazolidinethiones are decomposed in the presence of base, but they are comparatively stable in the presence of Lewis acid. When electrophilic reagent is alkyl halide, the enolate decomposition is the dominating pathway, and affords the S-alkylated products; and when electrophilic reagent is acyl chloride, the formation of a highly ordered chelated transition-state is the dominating pathway, and affords the O-acylated products.

Indian Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Acid chlorides Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 171877-39-7 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C10H11NS2, SDS of cas: 171877-39-7.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Viviani, Vadim R.; Bevilaqua, Vanessa R.; de Souza, Daniel R.; Pelentir, Gabriel F.; Kakiuchi, Michio; Hirano, Takashi published the artcile< A very bright far-red bioluminescence emitting combination based on engineered railroad worm luciferase and 6′-amino-analogs for bioimaging purposes>, COA of Formula: C11H8N2O3S2, the main research area is far red bioluminescence emitting luciferase amino analog bioimaging; Far-Red bioluminescence; NIR bioluminescence; bioimaging; biophotonics; luciferin amino-analogs.

Beetle luciferases produce bioluminescence (BL) colors ranging from green to red, having been extensively used for many bioanal. purposes, including bioimaging of pathogen infections and metastasis proliferation in living animal models and cell culture. For bioimaging purposes in mammalian tissues, red bioluminescence is preferred, due to the lower self-absorption of light at longer wavelengths by Hb, myoglobin and melanin. Red bioluminescence is naturally produced only by Phrixothrix hirtus railroad worm luciferase (PxRE), and by some engineered beetle luciferases. However, Far-Red (FR) and Near-IR (NIR) bioluminescence is best suited for bioimaging in mammalian tissues due to its higher penetrability. Although some FR and NIR emitting luciferin analogs have been already developed, they usually emit much lower bioluminescence activity when compared to the original luciferin-luciferases. Using site-directed mutagenesis of PxRE luciferase in combination with 6′-modified amino-luciferin analogs, we finally selected novel FR combinations displaying BL ranging from 636-655 nm. Among them, the combination of PxRE-R215K mutant with 6′-(1-pyrrolidinyl)luciferin proved to be the best combination, displaying the highest BL activity with a catalytic efficiency ~2.5 times higher than the combination with native firefly luciferin, producing the second most FR-shifted bioluminescence (650 nm), being several orders of magnitude brighter than com. AkaLumine with firefly luciferase. Such combination also showed higher thermostability, slower BL decay time and better penetrability across bacterial cell membranes, resulting in ~3 times higher in vivo BL activity in bacterial cells than with firefly luciferin. Overall, this is the brightest FR emitting combination ever reported, and is very promising for bioimaging purposes in mammalian tissues.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Biological imaging. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, COA of Formula: C11H8N2O3S2.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Jin, Ming Yu; Zhou, Yali; Xiao, Dengmengfei; You, Yipeng; Zhen, Qianqian; Tao, Guanyu; Yu, Peiyuan; Xing, Xiangyou published the artcile< Simultaneous Kinetic Resolution and Asymmetric Induction within a Borrowing Hydrogen Cascade Mediated by a Single Catalyst>, Category: thiazole, the main research area is unsaturated ketone preparation; alkoxy ketone preparation; ketone amino preparation; alc alkoxy preparation enantioselective; amino alc preparation enantioselective; racemic allylic alc borrowing hydrogen cascade ruthenium catalyst; asymmetric induction; borrowing hydrogen cascade; density functional theory; kinetic resolution; π-π interactions.

In a borrowing hydrogen cascade starting from racemic allylic alcs., one of the enantiomers could be kinetically resolved, while the other enantiomer could be purposely converted to various targeted products, including α,β-unsaturated ketones RC(O)C=CCH2R1 [R = Ph, 4-FC6H4, 2-naphthyl, etc.; R1 = (CH2)6, (CH2)7, OTBS], β-functionalized ketones R2C(O)CH2CH2R3 [R2 = 4-MeSC6H4, 4-t-BuC6H4, 4-MeOC6H4, etc.; R3 = OMe, OEt, morpholino, etc.] and γ-functionalized alcs. R4CH(OH)CH2CH2R5 [R4 = 4-ClC6H4, 4-FC6H4, 2-naphthyl, etc.; R5 = OMe, OBn, morpholino, etc.] was reported. By employing a robust Ru-catalyst, both kinetic resolution and asym. induction were achieved with remarkable levels of efficiency and enantioselectivity. D. functional theory (DFT) calculations suggested that corresponding catalyst-substrate π-π interactions were pivotal to realize the observed stereochem. diversity.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about Alcohols, alkoxy Role: SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 198904-53-9 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C10H7NOS, Category: thiazole.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Wang, Chenchen; Du, Wei; Zhang, Tong; Liang, Gaolin published the artcile< A Bioluminescent Probe for Simultaneously Imaging Esterase and Histone Deacetylase Activity in a Tumor>, Reference of 2591-17-5, the main research area is histone deacetylase esterase tumor imaging bioluminescent probe.

The monitoring of esterase (CES) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity in living cells has great potential for rapid diagnosis of malignant tumors. At present, using one bioluminescence (BL) probe to simultaneously detect (or image) these two enzymes’ activity in tumors has not been reported. Herein, a bioluminescence “”turn-on”” probe AcAH-Luc (6-acetamidohexanoic acid-D-luciferin) was rationally designed for simultaneously imaging CES and HDAC activity with excellent sensitivity and selectivity. AcAH-Luc was successfully applied in vitro to selectively detect CES and HDAC6, a subtype of HDAC, at a linear concentration range of 0-100 and 0-120 nM with limits of detection (LODs) of 0.495 and 1.14 nM, resp. In vivo results indicated that about 1/2 and 1/3 of the “”turn-on”” BL signal of AcAH-Luc was contributed by CES and HDAC activity in the tumors, resp. We envision that AcAH-Luc might be applied to simultaneously measure (and image) CES and HDAC activity in the clinic for assisting with the precise diagnosis of malignant tumors in the near future.

Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States) published new progress about Bioluminescence (probe). 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Reference of 2591-17-5.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Maruyama, Takahisa; Kano, Yuko; Yamamoto, Yasuo; Kurazono, Mizuyo; Iwamatsu, Katsuyoshi; Atsumi, Kunio; Shitara, Eiki published the artcile< Synthesis and SAR study of novel 7-(pyridinium-3-yl)-carbonyl imidazo[5,1-b]thiazol-2-yl carbapenems>, Recommanded Product: Thiazole-5-carboxyaldehyde, the main research area is imidazo thiazolyl carbapenem preparation antibacterial SAR.

A new series of 1β-Me carbapenems, possessing a 7-substituted imidazo[5,1-b]thiazol-2-yl group directly attached to the C-2 position of the carbapenem nucleus, was synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial activity. These compounds showed potent activities against Gram-pos. bacteria, in particular methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP). They also exhibited potent activity against β-lactamase-neg. ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae (BLNAR).

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Antibacterial agents. 1003-32-3 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C4H3NOS, Recommanded Product: Thiazole-5-carboxyaldehyde.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Cauquis, G.; Fahmy, H. M.; Pierre, G.; Elnagdi, M. H. published the artcile< Electrochemical oxidation of substituted thiazoles: 2-amino-4-ethoxycarbonyl-5-methylthiazole and N-ethoxycarbonyl-N'-(4-ethoxycarbonyl-5-methylthiazol-2-yl)thiourea>, COA of Formula: C7H10N2O2S, the main research area is hydrogen bond thiazole electrochem; thiazole derivative oxidation electrochem; aminoethoxycarbonylmethylthiazole oxidation electrochem; thiourea thiazole oxidation electrochem.

The oxidation of I (R = H or CSNHCO2Et) on a rotating Pt disk electrode was examined in MeCN. The main products were azo and hydrazo dimeric compounds The stability of the hydrazo dimers and their azine tautomers is due to H-bonding. The thiazole ring was unattacked by the reactions. A mechanism for the oxidation is discussed.

Electrochimica Acta published new progress about 72054-60-5. 72054-60-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C7H10N2O2S, COA of Formula: C7H10N2O2S.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Liu, Gui-Chun; Dong, Zhi-Wei; Hou, Qing-Bai; He, Jin-Wu; Zhao, Ruo-Ping; Wang, Wen; Li, Xue-Yan published the artcile< Second Rhagophthalmid Luciferase Cloned from Chinese Glow-worm Menghuoius giganteus (Rhagophthalmidae: Elateroidea)>, Product Details of C11H8N2O3S2, the main research area is sequence luciferase mol cloning Rhagophthalmus Menghuoius.

The pH-insensitive beetle luciferases cloned from Rhagophthalmidae, Phengodidae, and Elateridae exhibit great potential application as reporter assays for monitoring gene expression. At present, however, only one luciferase has been reported from the enigmatic and predominantly Asian distributed luminous family Rhagophthalmidae. Here, we cloned the second rhagophthalmid luciferase from the Chinese glow-worm Menghuoius giganteus (Rhagophthalmidae: Elateroidea) by combining reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with rapid amplification of complementary DNA ends (RACE). The luciferase consisted of 546 amino acids and showed high identity to that of Rhagophthalmus ohbai (90.4%). The recombinant M. giganteus luciferase was produced in vitro and exhibited significant bioluminescent activity under neutral conditions (pH 7.8), with low KM for D-luciferin (2.2μM) and ATP (53μM). Activity was highest at 10°C and inactivation occurred at 45°C. This luciferase showed pH-insensitivity and maximum emission spectrum at 560 nm. Phylogenetic analyses based on the deduced amino acids indicated a close relationship between the M. giganteus luciferase and that of R. ohbai. These results increase our understanding of rhagophthalmid luciferases and provide a new resource for the application of luciferases.

Photochemistry and Photobiology published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Product Details of C11H8N2O3S2.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica