Month: October 2022

Nakayama, Jun; Saito, Ryohei; Hayashi, Yusuke; Kitada, Nobuo; Tamaki, Shota; Han, Yuxuan; Semba, Kentaro; Maki, Shojiro A. published the artcile< High sensitivity in vivo imaging of cancer metastasis using a near-infrared luciferin analogue seMpai>, Application In Synthesis of 2591-17-5, the main research area is cancer metastasis IR luciferin analog sempai; in vivo imaging; luciferin analogue; metastasis; near-infrared bioluminescence.

Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is useful to monitor cell movement and gene expression in live animals. However, D-luciferin has a short wavelength (560 nm) which is absorbed by tissues and the use of near-IR (NIR) luciferin analogs enable high sensitivity in vivo BLI. The AkaLumine-AkaLuc BLI system (Aka-BLI) can detect resolution at the single-cell level; however, it has a clear hepatic background signal. Here, to enable the highly sensitive detection of bioluminescence from the surrounding liver tissues, we focused on seMpai (C15H16N3O2S) which has been synthesized as a luciferin analog and has high luminescent abilities as same as AkaLumine. We demonstrated that seMpai BLI could detect micro-signals near the liver without any background signal. The solution of seMpai was neutral; therefore, seMpai imaging did not cause any adverse effect in mice. seMpai enabled a highly sensitive in vivo BLI as compared to previous techniques. Our findings suggest that the development of a novel mutated luciferase against seMpai may enable a highly sensitive BLI at the single-cell level without any background signal. Novel seMpai BLI system can be used for in vivo imaging in the fields of life sciences and medicine.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Bioluminescent imaging. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Application In Synthesis of 2591-17-5.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Ho, Duy-Khiet; LeGuyader, Clare; Srinivasan, Selvi; Roy, Debashish; Vlaskin, Vladimir; Chavas, Thomas E. J.; Lopez, Ciana L.; Snyder, Jessica M.; Postma, Almar; Chiefari, John; Stayton, Patrick S. published the artcile< Fully synthetic injectable depots with high drug content and tunable pharmacokinetics for long-acting drug delivery>, Name: 4,5-Dihydrothiazole-2-thiol, the main research area is pharmacokinetics drug delivery hydroxybenzyloxycarbonyl ethyloxycarbonyl methacrylate polymer; Drug delivery; HIV; Infectious disease; Long-acting depot; Polymer; Pre-exposure prophylaxis; RAFT; TAF.

Clin. studies have validated that antiretroviral (ARV) drugs can serve as an HIV pre-exposure prophylactic (PrEP) strategy. Dosing adherence remains a crucial factor determining the final efficacy outcomes, and both long-acting implants and injectable depot systems are being developed to improve patient adherence. Here, we describe an injectable depot platform that exploits a new mechanism for both formation and controlled release. The depot is a polymeric prodrug synthesized from monomers that incorporate an ARV drug tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) with degradable linkers that can be designed to control release rates. The prodrug monomers are synthetically incorporated into homopolymer or block designs that exhibit high drug weight percent (wt%) and also are hydrophobized in these prodrug segments to drive depot formation upon injection. Drug release converts those monomers to more hydrophilic pendant groups via linker cleavage, and as this drug release proceeds, the polymer chains losing hydrophobicity are then disassocd. from the depot and released over time to provide a depot dissolution mechanism. We show that long-acting TAF depots can be designed as block copolymers or as homopolymers. They can also be designed with different linkers, for example with faster or slower degrading p-hydroxybenzyloxycarbonyl (Benzyl) and ethyloxycarbonyl (Alkyl) linkers, resp. Diblock designs of p(glycerol monomethacrylate)-b-p(Alkyl-TAF-methacrylate) and p(glycerol monomethacrylate)-b-p(Benzyl-TAF-methacrylate) were first characterized in a mouse s.c. injection model. The alkylcarbamate linker design (TAF 51 wt%) showed excellent sustained release profiles of the key metabolite tenofovir (TFV) in skin and plasma over a 50-day period. Next, the homopolymer design with a high TAF drug wt% of 73% was characterized in the same model. The homopolymer depots with p(Alkyl-TAFMA) exhibited sustained TFV and TAF release profiles in skin and blood over 60 days, and TFV-DP concentrations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were found to be at least 10-fold higher than the clin. suggested minimally EC90 protective concentration of 24 fmol/106 cells. These are the first reports of sustained parent TAF dosing observed in mouse and TFV-DP in mouse PBMC. IVIS imaging of rhodamine labeled homopolymer depots showed that degradation and release of the depot coincided with the sustained TAF release. Finally, these polymers showed excellent stability in accelerated stability studies over a six-month time period, and exceptional solubility of over 700 mg/mL in the DMSO formulation solvent. The homopolymer designs have a drug reservoir potential of well over a year at mg/day dosing and may not require cold chain storage for global health and developed world long-acting drug delivery applications.

Journal of Controlled Release published new progress about Chain transfer agents. 96-53-7 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C3H5NS2, Name: 4,5-Dihydrothiazole-2-thiol.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Roosta, Atefeh; Alizadeh, Abdolali; Rezaiyehraad, Reze; Khanpour, Mojtaba published the artcile< Efficient and Chemoselective Procedure for Conversion of Rhodanine Derivatives into 1,3-Thiazolidine-2,4-diones via 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction and Rearrangement Sequences>, Recommanded Product: 3-Benzyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one, the main research area is thiazolidinedione preparation chemoselective; alkalinity arylidene rhodanine preparation cycloaddition rearrangement.

A chemoselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between 5-alkylidene- or 5-arylidene rhodanine derivatives I (R1 = n-Pr, n-Bu, allyl, Bn; R2 = Ph, COOMe, 4-chloropheny, 4-methylpheny, 4-bromopheny) and nitrile oxide generated in situ from dibromoformaldoxime to construct 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-diones II scaffold under mild conditions was reported. This strategy exhibits a distinguished manner to afford thiazolidine derivatives II in a simple, rapid and practical route. The results proved that the reaction proceeds through an unpredictable rearrangement and no spirocyclic product is generated. The structures of the target mols. were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectra and unambiguously X-ray crystal structure anal.

ChemistrySelect published new progress about 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reaction (chemoselective). 10574-69-3 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C10H9NOS2, Recommanded Product: 3-Benzyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Liang, Xiao; Fu, Huansheng; Xiao, Peng; Fang, Hao; Hou, Xuben published the artcile< Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of imidazolidine-2,4-dione and 2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one derivatives as lymphoid-specific tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors>, Name: 3-Benzyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one, the main research area is thioxothiazolidinone preparation docking lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor autoimmunity; imidazolidinedione preparation diastereoselective docking lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor autoimmunity; Autoimmune diseases; Inhibitor; Lymphoid-specific tyrosine phosphatase.

Synthesized imidazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives I [R = carboxymethyl, Ph, benzyl, (4-carboxyphenyl)methyl, (4-phenylphenyl)methyl] and 2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one derivatives II (R1 = Bu, cyclohexyl, 2-chlorophenyl, thiazol-2-yl, etc.; R2 = carboxy, 4-carboxyphenyl, 2-carboxyeth-1-en-1-yl, etc.) as new LYP inhibitors were designed. Among them, the cinnamic acids-based inhibitors II [R1 = 2-methoxyphenyl, R2 = ((4-((1E)-2-carboxyeth-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)methyl)oxidanyl; R1 = 4-chlorophenyl, R2 = ((4-((1E)-2-carboxyeth-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)methyl)oxidanyl (III)] displayed good LYP inhibitory activities (IC50 = 2.85-6.95μM). Especially, the most potent inhibitor III was identified as competitive inhibitor (Ki = 1.09μM) and bind LYP reversibly. Meanwhile, III exhibited better selectivity over other phosphatases than known LYP inhibitor A15. Furthermore, compound III could regulate TCR associated signaling pathway in Jurkat T cell.

Bioorganic Chemistry published new progress about Aralkyl bromides Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 10574-69-3 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C10H9NOS2, Name: 3-Benzyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Chen, Liying; Chen, Zhi; Zheng, Shuang; Fan, Luhui; Zhu, Lixin; Yu, Jiandong; Tang, Chaoyuan; Liu, Qi; Xiong, Yang published the artcile< Study on mechanism of elemene reversing tumor multidrug resistance based on luminescence pharmacokinetics in tumor cells in vitro and in vivo>, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-(6-Hydroxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, the main research area is elemene reversing tumor multidrug resistance luminescence pharmacokinetics.

While elemene (ELE) can reverse tumor multidrug resistance (MDR), the mechanisms for ELE reversing MDR remain unclear. Numerous studies have suggested that the efflux functionality of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, not their quantity, is more relevant to tumor MDR. However, no appropriate methods exist for real-time detection of the intracellular drug efflux caused by ABC transporters in vitro, especially in vivo, which hinders the examination of MDR reversal mechanisms. This study directly investigates the correlation between efflux functionality of ABC transporters and MDR reversal via ELE, using D-luciferin potassium salt (D-luc) as the chemotherapeutic substitute to study the intracellular drug efflux. Here, a luciferase reporter assay system combined with bioluminescence imaging confirmed that the efflux of D-luc from MCF-7/DOXFluc cells in vitro and in vivo was significantly reduced by ELE and when combined with Doxorubicin (DOX), ELE showed a synergistically anti-tumor effect in vitro and in vivo. Addnl., the luminescence pharmacokinetics of D-luc in MCF-7/DOXFluc cells and pharmacodynamics of the combined ELE and DOX in vivo showed a great correlation, implying that D-luc might be used as a probe to study ABC transporters-mediated efflux in order to explore mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicines reversing MDR.

RSC Advances published new progress about Bioluminescence. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-(6-Hydroxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Telegina, Lyudmila N.; Kelbysheva, Elena S.; Strelkova, Tatyana V.; Ezernitskaya, Mariam G.; Smol’yakov, Alexander F.; Borisov, Yurii A.; Loim, Nikolay M. published the artcile< Synthesis and Photochemical Study of Thiazolidine Derivatives of Cymantrene and the Corresponding Dicarbonyl Chelates>, Application of C3H5NS2, the main research area is cymantrenylmethylthio thiazole preparation reaction; thiazolidinethione cymantrenylmethylthio preparation reaction; chelated cymantrenylmethylthio thiazolidine preparation crystal mol structure; photochem thiazolidine derivative cymantrene dicarbonyl chelate.

Isomeric 4,5-dihydro-2-[(cymantrenylmethyl)thio]thiazole (1) and 3-(cymantrenylmethyl)-1,3-thioazolidine-2-thione (2) were synthesized and photochem. behavior and spectral characteristics of tricarbonyl and dicarbonyl complexes were studied. Irradiation of compounds 1 and 2 results in the formation of stable chelates due to coordination of manganese to the donor nitrogen and sulfur atoms of the thiazolidine substituent. Photolysis is accompanied with a color change and the corresponding changes in the UV/Vis spectra depending on the solvent used. In the presence of CO, the dicarbonyl chelates enter the dark reaction to give the parent tricarbonyl complexes thus forming intermol. photochromic systems. Photolysis of the dicarbonyl chelate 5 gives the isomeric chelate 6, which in the course of the dark isomerization transforms into complex 5. Chelates 5 and 6 form an intramol. photochromic pair.

ChemistrySelect published new progress about Chelates Role: PEP (Physical, Engineering or Chemical Process), PRP (Properties), RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PROC (Process), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 96-53-7 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C3H5NS2, Application of C3H5NS2.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Bernier, Jean Luc; Houssin, Raymond; Henichart, Jean Pierre published the artcile< Analog of dolastatin 3. Synthesis, proton NMR studies, and spatial conformation>, COA of Formula: C12H18N2O4S, the main research area is dolastatin 3 analog preparation conformation.

Dolastatin 3 analog I was prepared by deblocking Boc-Pro-Leu-Val-(gly)Thz-(gly)Thz-ONSu (II; Boc = Me3CO2C, NSu = succinimido) by HBr/HOAc and cyclizing the resulting H-Pro-Leu-Val-(gly)Thz-(gly)Thz-ONSu.HBr in pyridine. Boc-Gly-NH2 underwent thionation via the Lawesson procedure to give Boc-Gly(S)-NH2, which was cyclized with CH3COCO2Et to give Boc-(gly)Thz-OEt (III). III was Boc-deblocked by HBr/HOAc to give H-(gly)Thz-OEt.HBr (IV), whereas III was saponified to give Boc-(gly)Thz-OH (V). V was coupled with IV by DCC/HOBt to give Boc-(gly)Thz-(gly)Thz-OEt, which was Boc-deblocked and then coupled with Boc-Pro-Leu-Val-OH by DCC/HOBt to give Boc-Pro-Leu-Val-(gly)Thz-(gly)Thz-OEt, which was converted into II. A spatial mol. conformation of I was proposed based on 1H NMR spectroscopy.

Tetrahedron published new progress about Cyclic peptides Role: SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 96929-05-4 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C12H18N2O4S, COA of Formula: C12H18N2O4S.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Bansal, Akhil; Bali, Alka; Balaini, Ajitesh published the artcile< Synthesis and Evaluation of Substituted Aryl Thiazoles With Antioxidant Potential as Gastro-sparing Anti-inflammatory Agents>, COA of Formula: C9H7N3O2S, the main research area is antioxidant potential gastro sparing antiinflammatory agent aryl thiazole.

NSAIDs are used as first-line drugs for the treatment of various inflammatory disorders. Chronic use of NSAIDs is known to be associated with gastrointestinal and renal toxicity. Local generation of reactive oxygen species finally resulting in cellular apoptosis is one of the accepted mechanisms for NSAID-induced toxicity. The objective of the present study was to design and synthesize a series of 2-methane sulfonamido substituted arylthiazole derivatives by including structural features of combined antiulcer and anti-inflammatory activity utilizing as the structural core, thiazole nucleus with potential for antioxidant effect. Compounds were designed based on three dimensional and field similarity studies. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Rofecoxib and indomethacin were taken as standard drugs for comparison. The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed in potassium ferricyanide reducing power (PFRAP) assay employing ascorbic acid as the standard drug. The compounds 6 and 7 showed good anti-inflammatory activity comparable to the standard group and were also non ulcerogenic at the test doses. Compounds 1-7 displayed varying degrees of reducing power in the (PFRAP) assay and the methanesulfonamido derivatives 4-7 showed the highest antioxidant activity (EC50 values 3.7-5.1 μmol/mL vs ascorbic acid 7.4 μmol/mL). Theor. ADME profiling of the compounds based on selected physicochem. properties showed excellent compliance with Lipinski′s rule. A series of compounds have been designed and synthesized having dual antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity with activities comparable to standard drugs.

Letters in Drug Design & Discovery published new progress about Anti-inflammatory agents. 57493-24-0 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C9H7N3O2S, COA of Formula: C9H7N3O2S.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Sinenko, V. O.; Slivchuk, S. R.; Pil’o, S. G.; Raenko, G. F.; Brovarets, V. S. published the artcile< Synthesis of new 1,3-thiazole derivatives from 2(5)-hydroxyalkyl-1,3-thiazole-5(2)-carbaldehydes>, Application of C10H9NOS2, the main research area is thiazole preparation; carbaldehyde thiazole acetoacetic ester urea Biginelli; phenylhydrazine isoniazid rhodanine thiazole carbaldehyde condensation.

Reactions of substituted 2-hydroxyalkyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carbaldehydes and 5-hydroxyalkyl-1,3-thiazole-2-carbaldehydes with phenylhydrazine, isoniazid, N-substituted rhodanines were performed as well as Biginelli reaction with acetoacetic ester and urea. As a result, new 1,3-thiazole derivatives were obtained. They are of interest as potential bioactive substances.

Russian Journal of General Chemistry published new progress about Aldehydes Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 10574-69-3 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C10H9NOS2, Application of C10H9NOS2.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Peixoto, Philippe A.; Richard, Jean-Alexandre; Severin, Rene; Chen, David Y.-K. published the artcile< Total Synthesis of Echinopines A and B: Exploiting a Bioinspired Late-Stage Intramolecular Cyclopropanation [Erratum to document cited in CA155:510334]>, COA of Formula: C10H11NS2, the main research area is erratum echinopine A B synthesis intramol cyclopropanation.

On page 5724, citations were omitted from reference 1; the omitted citations are given.

Organic Letters published new progress about Cycloisomerization. 171877-39-7 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C10H11NS2, COA of Formula: C10H11NS2.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica