Month: October 2022

de Souza, Daniel Rangel; Silva, Jaqueline Rodrigues; Moreira, Ariele; Viviani, Vadim R. published the artcile< Biosensing firefly luciferin synthesis in bacteria reveals a cysteine-dependent quinone detoxification route in Coleoptera>, Synthetic Route of 2591-17-5, the main research area is .

Abstract: Luciferin biosynthetic origin and alternative biol. functions during the evolution of beetles remain unknown. We have set up a bioluminescent sensing method for luciferin synthesis from cysteine and benzoquinone using E. coli and Pichia pastoris expressing the bright Amydetes vivianii firefly and P. termitilluminans click beetle luciferases. In the presence of D-cysteine and benzoquinone, intense bioluminescence is quickly produced, indicating the expected formation of D-luciferin. Starting with L-cysteine and benzoquinone, the bioluminescence is weaker and delayed, indicating that bacteria produce L-luciferin, and then racemize it to D-luciferin in the presence of endogenous esterases, CoA and luciferase. In bacteria the p-benzoquinone toxicity (IC50 ∼ 25 μM) is considerably reduced in the presence of cysteine, maintaining cell viability at 3.6 mM p-benzoquinone concomitantly with the formation of luciferin. Transcriptional anal. showed the presence of gene products involved with the sclerotization/tanning in the photogenic tissues, suggesting a possible link between these pathways and bioluminescence. The lack of two enzymes involved with the last steps of these pathways, indicate the possible accumulation of toxic quinone intermediates in the lanterns. These results and the abundance of cysteine producing enzymes suggest that luciferin first appeared as a detoxification byproduct of cysteine reaction with accumulated toxic quinone intermediates during the evolution of sclerotization/tanning in Coleoptera.

Scientific Reports published new progress about 2591-17-5. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Synthetic Route of 2591-17-5.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Robertson, Mark J.; Hadzic, Gordana; Ambrus, Joseph; Pome, D. Yuri; Hyde, Emily; Whiting, Ainslie; Mariana, Anna; von Kleist, Lisa; Chau, Ngoc; Haucke, Volker; Robinson, Phillip J.; McCluskey, Adam published the artcile< The Rhodadyns, a New Class of Small Molecule Inhibitors of Dynamin GTPase Activity>, Related Products of 10574-69-3, the main research area is dynamin GTPase inhibitor rhodanine analog preparation SAR; Knoevengal condensation; dynamin inhibition; rhodanine.

Six focused rhodanine-based libraries, 60 compounds in total, were synthesized and evaluated as potential dynamin I GTPase inhibitors. Twenty-six were more potent than the lead compound with 13 returning IC50 values ≤10 μM, making the Rhodadyn series among the most active dynamin inhibitors reported. Two analogs were highly effective at blocking receptor-mediated endocytosis: C10 and D10 (I) with IC50(RME) = 7.0 ± 2.2 and 5.9 ± 1.0 μM, resp. These compounds are equipotent with the best reported in-cell dynamin inhibitors.

ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters published new progress about Drug targets (endocytosis). 10574-69-3 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C10H9NOS2, Related Products of 10574-69-3.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

da Silva, Monize M.; de Camargo, Mariana S.; Castelli, Silvia; de Grandis, Rone A.; Castellano, Eduardo E.; Deflon, Victor M.; Cominetti, Marcia R.; Desideri, Alessandro; Batista, Alzir A. published the artcile< Ruthenium(II)-mercapto complexes with anticancer activity interact with topoisomerase IB>, Name: 4,5-Dihydrothiazole-2-thiol, the main research area is rutheniumII mercapto anticancer activity topoisomerase IB lung liver cancer.

Herein we present four new ruthenium(II) complexes: [Ru(mtz)2(dppb)] (1), [Ru(mmi)2(dppb)] (2), [Ru(dmp)2(dppb)] (3), and [Ru(mpca)2(dppb)] (4), where mtz = 2-mercaptothiazoline; mmi = 2-mercapto-1-methyl-imidazole; dmp = 4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine; mpca = 6-mercaptopyridine-3-carboxylic acid; dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane. In vitro cell culture experiments revealed cytotoxic activity for complexes 2, 3 and 4 against MCF-7 (breast, non-invasive), MDA-MB-231 (breast, invasive), A549 (lung), DU-145 (prostate) and HepG2 (liver) tumor cells, in some cases lower than the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for the reference drug (cisplatin). The DNA (DNA) interactions studied by viscosity measurements, gel electrophoresis and square-wave voltammetry indicated that the DNA binding affinity primarily occurs through non-covalent interactions. Only complex 2 was able to fully inhibit the DNA supercoiled relaxation mediated by human topoisomerase IB (Top IB). The anal. indicates that complex 2 inhibits the cleavage and the reconnection steps of the catalytic cycle, being both a poison and a catalytic inhibitor.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society published new progress about Antitumor agents. 96-53-7 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C3H5NS2, Name: 4,5-Dihydrothiazole-2-thiol.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Fan, Di; Wang, Ting; Hu, Jinhui; Zhou, Lin; Zhou, Jiahong; Wei, Shaohua published the artcile< Plasmid DNA-Based Bioluminescence-Activated System for Photodynamic Therapy in Cancer Treatment>, Reference of 2591-17-5, the main research area is cervical cancer plasmid DNA bioluminescence photodynamic therapy; hypericin; luciferase; photodynamic therapy; plasmid DNA; singlet oxygen.

The low depth of tissue penetration by therapeutic light sources severely restricts photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating deep-seated tumors. Using a luciferase/D-luciferin bioluminescence system to artificially create internal light sources in cells instead of external light sources is an effective means of solving the above problems. However, high-efficiency bioluminescence requires a higher concentration of luciferase in the cell, which poses a considerable challenge to the existing system of enzyme loading, delivery, activity and retention of drugs, and dramatically increases the cost of treatment. We loaded the substrate D-luciferin, and the photosensitizer hypericin into a polyethyleneimine (PEI)-modified nano-calcium phosphate (CaP) to solve this problem. Subsequently, the plasmid DNA containing the luciferase gene was loaded onto it using the high-d. pos. charge characteristic of PEI from the nanodrug (denoted DHDC). After the DHDC enters the tumor cell, it collapses and releases the plasmid DNA, which uses the intracellular protein synthesis system to continuously and massively express luciferase. Using endogenous ATP, Mg2+, and O2 in cells, luciferase oxidizes D-luciferin and produces luminescence. The luminescence triggers hypericin excitation to generate ROS and kill cancer cells. This study provides a new strategy for the application of bioluminescence in PDT treatment.

ChemMedChem published new progress about Antitumor agents. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Reference of 2591-17-5.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Barton, Anne; Breukelman, Stephen P.; Kaye, Perry T.; Meakins, G. Denis; Morgan, David J. published the artcile< The preparation of thiazole-4- and -5-carboxylates, and an infrared study of their rotational isomers>, Computed Properties of 72054-60-5, the main research area is cyclocondensation thiourea bromomethyloxopentanoate; isobutyraldehyde chloroacetate cyclocondensation thiourea; aminoispropylthiazolecarboxylate methyl; butylthiazolecarboxylate ethyl; thiazolecarboxylate preparation rotational isomerism IR.

A general procedure is reported for the preparation of thiazole-4- and -5-carboxylates containing alkyl and halo substituents. Treatment of Me2CHCHO and Cl2CHCO2Me with NaOMe in Et2O at 0°, followed by addition of (H2N)2CS and 4 h reflux in MeOH gave the aminothiazole I. The thiazole II was prepared by treatment of EtO2CCHBrCOCMe3 with (H2N)2CS in refluxing EtOH for 1 h, followed by deamination with NaNO2-H3PO2. Both series of esters show IR carbonyl doublets caused by rotational isomerism; the more intense absorptions of the 4-carboxylates are at lower wave number, whereas those of the 5-carboxylates are the higher wave number component. In both series, the stronger bands arise from the thermochem. more stable forms. For the 4-carboxylates, these forms are the carbonyl O,S-syn-s-trans-rotamers.

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1: Organic and Bio-Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) published new progress about Aldehydes Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 72054-60-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C7H10N2O2S, Computed Properties of 72054-60-5.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Powers, Jay P.; Piper, Derek E.; Li, Yang; Mayorga, Veronica; Anzola, John; Chen, James M.; Jaen, Juan C.; Lee, Gary; Liu, Jinqian; Peterson, M. Greg; Tonn, George R.; Ye, Qiuping; Walker, Nigel P. C.; Wang, Zhulun published the artcile< SAR and Mode of Action of Novel Non-Nucleoside Inhibitors of Hepatitis C NS5b RNA Polymerase>, Related Products of 10574-69-3, the main research area is nonnucleoside inhibitor thioxothiazolidine aryl derivative hepatitis C NS5b polymerase.

Novel non-nucleoside inhibitors of the HCV RNA polymerase (NS5b) with sub-micromolar biochem. potency have been identified which are selective for the inhibition of HCV NS5b over other polymerases. The structures of the complexes formed between several of these inhibitors and HCV NS5b were determined by x-ray crystallog., and the inhibitors were found to bind in an allosteric binding site sep. from the active site. Structure-activity relationships and structural studies have identified the mechanism of action for compounds in this series, several of which possess drug-like properties, as unique, reversible, covalent inhibitors of HCV NS5b.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Antiviral agents. 10574-69-3 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C10H9NOS2, Related Products of 10574-69-3.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

He, Xiao-Yang; Zou, Peng; Qiu, Jiayin; Hou, Ling; Jiang, Shibo; Liu, Shuwen; Xie, Lan published the artcile< Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-substituted 2,5-dimethyl-N-(3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl)pyrroles as novel potential HIV-1 gp41 inhibitors>, SDS of cas: 10574-69-3, the main research area is gp41 inhibitor HIV 1 antiviral tetrazolylphenylpyrrole preparation; pyrrole tetrazolylphenyl preparation gp41 inhibitor HIV 1 antiviral.

Based on the structure of HIV-1 gp41 binding site for small-mol. inhibitors, optimization of a lead compound resulted in the discovery of a new series of 2,5-dimethyl-3-(5-(N-phenylrhodaninyl)methylene)-N-(3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl)pyrrole compounds with improved anti-HIV-1 activity. The two most active compounds exhibited significant potency against gp41 6-HB formation with IC50 values of 4.4 and 4.6 μM and against HIV-1 replication in the MT-2 cells with EC50 values of 3.2 and 2.2 μM, resp., thus providing a new starting point to develop highly potent small-mol. HIV fusion inhibitors targeting gp41.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about AIDS (disease). 10574-69-3 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C10H9NOS2, SDS of cas: 10574-69-3.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Ogretir, Cemil; Demirayak, Seref; Duran, Murat published the artcile< Spectroscopic Determination and Evaluation of Acidity Constants for Some Drug Precursor 2-Amino-4-(3- or 4-substituted phenyl) Thiazole Derivatives>, Related Products of 57493-24-0, the main research area is spectroscopic determination acidity constant drug precursor amino phenyl thiazole.

Acid dissociation constants, Ka, of eight drug precursor 2-amino-4-(3- or 4-substituted phenyl) thiazole derivatives were determined using a UV-vis spectroscopic technique. The obtained Ka values were evaluated by structure elucidation and a protonation mechanism. The obtained tautomerization equilibrium constants, KT, indicated the predominance of amino forms for all studied compounds

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data published new progress about Bond angle, dihedral. 57493-24-0 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C9H7N3O2S, Related Products of 57493-24-0.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Healy, Alan R.; Vizcaino, Maria I.; Crawford, Jason M.; Herzon, Seth B. published the artcile< Convergent and Modular Synthesis of Candidate Precolibactins. Structural Revision of Precolibactin A>, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-(((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methyl)thiazole-4-carboxylate, the main research area is precolibactin convergent modular synthesis structure revision.

The colibactins are hybrid polyketide-nonribosomal peptide natural products produced by certain strains of commensal and extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli. The metabolites are encoded by the clb gene cluster as prodrugs termed precolibactins. Clb+E. coli induce DNA double-strand breaks in mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo and are found in 55-67% of colorectal cancer patients, suggesting that mature colibactins could initiate tumorigenesis. However, elucidation of their structures has been an arduous task as the metabolites are obtained in vanishingly small quantities (μg/L) from bacterial cultures and are believed to be unstable. Herein we describe a flexible and convergent synthetic route to prepare advanced precolibactins and derivatives The synthesis proceeds by late-stage union of two complex precursors (e.g., 28 + 17 → 29a, 90%, represented in the graphic as I + II → III) followed by a base-induced double dehydrative cascade reaction to form two rings of the targets (e.g., 29a → 30a, 79%, III → IV). The sequence has provided quantities of advanced candidate precolibactins that exceed those obtained by fermentation, and is envisioned to be readily scaled. These studies have guided a structural revision of the predicted metabolite precolibactin A (to 7) and have confirmed the structures of the isolated metabolites precolibactins B (3) and C (6). Synthetic precolibactin C (6) was converted to N-myristoyl-D-asparagine and its corresponding colibactin by colibactin peptidase ClbP. The synthetic strategy outlined herein will facilitate mechanism of action and structure-function studies of these fascinating metabolites, and is envisioned to accommodate the synthesis of addnl. (pre)colibactins as they are isolated.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about Cyclocondensation reaction (base-induced double dehydrative cascade). 96929-05-4 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C12H18N2O4S, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-(((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methyl)thiazole-4-carboxylate.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Peixoto, Philippe A.; Severin, Rene; Tseng, Chih-Chung; Chen, David Y.-K. published the artcile< Formal Asymmetric Synthesis of Echinopine A and B>, Product Details of C10H11NS2, the main research area is echinopine sesquiterpene enantioselective formal synthesis cyclization palladium catalyst; Diels Alder reaction echinopine sesquiterpene enantioselective formal synthesis.

The asym. formal synthesis of (+)-echinopines A and B was accomplished. Particularly noteworthy were the cascade construction of the [5,6,7]tricyclic ring system I (R = SiMe2CMe3) from the acyclic enyne precursor (2Z,6R,7R)-H2C:CHCH(CH2CH2CH:CH2)CH(OSiMe2CMe3)(CH2)2CH:CHCO2Me through a palladium-catalyzed cycloisomerization with subsequent intramol. Diels-Alder reaction, and the strategic application of a late-stage ring contraction of epoxy ketone II (R = SiMe2CMe3).

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about Cyclization. 171877-39-7 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C10H11NS2, Product Details of C10H11NS2.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica