Month: October 2022

Cauquis, G.; Fahmy, H. M.; Pierre, G.; Elnagdi, M. H. published the artcile< Electrochemical oxidation of substituted thiazoles: 2-amino-4-ethoxycarbonyl-5-methylthiazole and N-ethoxycarbonyl-N'-(4-ethoxycarbonyl-5-methylthiazol-2-yl)thiourea>, Formula: C7H10N2O2S, the main research area is hydrogen bond thiazole electrochem; thiazole derivative oxidation electrochem; aminoethoxycarbonylmethylthiazole oxidation electrochem; thiourea thiazole oxidation electrochem.

The oxidation of I (R = H or CSNHCO2Et) on a rotating Pt disk electrode was examined in MeCN. The main products were azo and hydrazo dimeric compounds The stability of the hydrazo dimers and their azine tautomers is due to H-bonding. The thiazole ring was unattacked by the reactions. A mechanism for the oxidation is discussed.

Electrochimica Acta published new progress about 72054-60-5. 72054-60-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C7H10N2O2S, Formula: C7H10N2O2S.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Liu, Gui-Chun; Dong, Zhi-Wei; Hou, Qing-Bai; He, Jin-Wu; Zhao, Ruo-Ping; Wang, Wen; Li, Xue-Yan published the artcile< Second Rhagophthalmid Luciferase Cloned from Chinese Glow-worm Menghuoius giganteus (Rhagophthalmidae: Elateroidea)>, Quality Control of 2591-17-5, the main research area is sequence luciferase mol cloning Rhagophthalmus Menghuoius.

The pH-insensitive beetle luciferases cloned from Rhagophthalmidae, Phengodidae, and Elateridae exhibit great potential application as reporter assays for monitoring gene expression. At present, however, only one luciferase has been reported from the enigmatic and predominantly Asian distributed luminous family Rhagophthalmidae. Here, we cloned the second rhagophthalmid luciferase from the Chinese glow-worm Menghuoius giganteus (Rhagophthalmidae: Elateroidea) by combining reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with rapid amplification of complementary DNA ends (RACE). The luciferase consisted of 546 amino acids and showed high identity to that of Rhagophthalmus ohbai (90.4%). The recombinant M. giganteus luciferase was produced in vitro and exhibited significant bioluminescent activity under neutral conditions (pH 7.8), with low KM for D-luciferin (2.2μM) and ATP (53μM). Activity was highest at 10°C and inactivation occurred at 45°C. This luciferase showed pH-insensitivity and maximum emission spectrum at 560 nm. Phylogenetic analyses based on the deduced amino acids indicated a close relationship between the M. giganteus luciferase and that of R. ohbai. These results increase our understanding of rhagophthalmid luciferases and provide a new resource for the application of luciferases.

Photochemistry and Photobiology published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Quality Control of 2591-17-5.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

El-Dash, Yara; Elzayat, Emad; Abdou, Amr M.; Hassan, Rasha A. published the artcile< Novel thienopyrimidine-aminothiazole hybrids: Design, synthesis, antimicrobial screening, anticancer activity, effects on cell cycle profile, caspase-3 mediated apoptosis and VEGFR-2 inhibition>, Reference of 57493-24-0, the main research area is arylthiazolyl benzothienylpyrimidinylthioacetamide preparation antitumor activity VEGFR2 inhibition; structure arylthiazolyl benzothienylpyrimidinylthioacetamide antitumor activity VEGFR2 inhibition; lack antibacterial activity arylthiazolyl benzothienylpyrimidinylthioacetamide; antifungal activity arylthiazolyl benzothienylpyrimidinylthioacetamide; Aminothiazole; Anti-proliferative; Antimicrobial activity; Cell cycle arrest profile; Phosphorylated VEGFR-2, Caspase-3; Synthesis; Thienopyrimidine; VEGFR-2.

A series of novel hybrid compounds of hexahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine with aminothiazole scaffolds I (R = H, Br, O2N; R1 = H, Cl, Br; R2 = H, Me) were synthesized. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against the NCI-60 human tumor cell line panel. Compounds I (R = H; R1 = Cl; R2 = H) (II), I (R = Br; R1 = ; R2 = H) (III) and I (R = R1 = R2 = H) exhibited significant antiproliferative activities at 10-5 M dose. II exhibited excellent cytotoxic activity against CNS cancer cell lines including SNB-75 and SF-295 as well as renal cancer cell line CAKI-1 when compared with sorafenib as standard anticancer drug. In addition, III showed almost comparable anticancer activity to sorafenib against SNB-75 cell line and displayed moderate activity against SF-295 and CAKI-1 cell lines in comparison to sorafenib. II inhibited the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) with IC50 of 62.48 ± 3.7 nM and decreased both total VEGFR-2 and phosphorylated VEGFR-2 in treated SNB-75 cells suggesting its ability to down regulate cell proliferation, growth, and survival.. The flow cytometric anal. showed that II displayed its cytotoxic activity through the reduction of the cellular proliferation and induction of cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. II clearly boosted the level of the apoptotic caspase-3. All the synthesized compounds were also screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activity against four pathogenic strains of both Gram-pos. and Gram-neg. as well as Candida albicans. III exhibited antifungal activity against Candida albicans compared to nystatin as the standard antifungal compound

Bioorganic Chemistry published new progress about Antitumor agents. 57493-24-0 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C9H7N3O2S, Reference of 57493-24-0.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Wilkinson, Isabel V. L.; Reynolds, Jessica K.; Galan, Sebastien R. G.; Vuorinen, Aini; Sills, Adam J.; Pires, Elisabete; Wynne, Graham M.; Wilson, Francis X.; Russell, Angela J. published the artcile< Characterisation of utrophin modulator SMT C1100 as a non-competitive inhibitor of firefly luciferase>, Safety of Potassium (S)-2-(6-hydroxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylate, the main research area is firefly luciferase bioluminescence enzyme kinetics inhibitor duchenne muscular dystrophy; Assay interference; Bioluminescence; Duchenne muscular dystrophy; Enzyme inhibitor; Enzyme kinetics; Enzyme mechanism; Firefly luciferase; Inhibition mechanism; Photoaffinity probe.

Firefly luciferase (FLuc) is a powerful tool for mol. and cellular biol., and popular in high-throughput screening and drug discovery. However, FLuc assays have been plagued with pos. and neg. artifacts due to stabilization and inhibition by small mols. from a range of chem. classes. Here we disclose Phase II clin. compound SMT C1100 for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy as an FLuc inhibitor (KD of 0.40 ± 0.15μM). Enzyme kinetic studies using SMT C1100 and other non-competitive inhibitors including resveratrol and NFκBAI4 identified previously undescribed modes of inhibition with respect to FLuc’s luciferyl adenylate intermediate. Employing a photoaffinity strategy to identify SMT C1100’s binding site, a photolabeled SMT C1100 probe instead underwent FLuc-dependent photooxidation Our findings support novel binding sites on FLuc for non-competitive inhibitors.

Bioorganic Chemistry published new progress about Chemiluminescent probes. 115144-35-9 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H7KN2O3S2, Safety of Potassium (S)-2-(6-hydroxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylate.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Hoeing, Susanne; Yeh, Ting-Yu; Baumann, Matthias; Martinez, Nancy E.; Habenberger, Peter; Kremer, Lea; Drexler, Hannes C. A.; Kuechler, Philipp; Reinhardt, Peter; Choidas, Axel; Zischinsky, Mia-Lisa; Zischinsky, Gunther; Nandini, Swaran; Ledray, Aaron P.; Ketcham, Stephanie A.; Reinhardt, Lydia; Abo-Rady, Masin; Glatza, Michael; King, Stephen J.; Nussbaumer, Peter; Ziegler, Slava; Klebl, Bert; Schroer, Trina A.; Schoeler, Hans R.; Waldmann, Herbert; Sterneckert, Jared published the artcile< Dynarrestin, a Novel Inhibitor of Cytoplasmic Dynein>, Computed Properties of 2222768-84-3, the main research area is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma proliferation cytoplasmic dynein dynarrestin; ciliary transport; ciliobrevin; dynein; glioblastoma; hedgehog; intraflagellar transport; phenotypic screening; stem cell-based phenotypic screening; vismodegib.

Aberrant hedgehog (Hh) signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of multiple cancers. Available inhibitors target Smoothened (Smo), which can acquire mutations causing drug resistance. Thus, compounds that inhibit Hh signaling downstream of Smo are urgently needed. We identified dynarrestin, a novel inhibitor of cytoplasmic dyneins 1 and 2. Dynarrestin acts reversibly to inhibit cytoplasmic dynein 1-dependent microtubule binding and motility in vitro without affecting ATP hydrolysis. It rapidly and reversibly inhibits endosome movement in living cells and perturbs mitosis by inducing spindle misorientation and pseudoprometaphase delay. Dynarrestin reversibly inhibits cytoplasmic dynein 2-dependent intraflagellar transport (IFT) of the cargo IFT88 and flux of Smo within cilia without interfering with ciliogenesis and suppresses Hh-dependent proliferation of neuronal precursors and tumor cells. As such, dynarrestin is a valuable tool for probing cytoplasmic dynein-dependent cellular processes and a promising compound for medicinal chem. programs aimed at development of anti-cancer drugs.

Cell Chemical Biology published new progress about Animal gene Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (GLI1). 2222768-84-3 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C22H23F2N3O2S, Computed Properties of 2222768-84-3.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Ospanov, Meirambek; Sulochana, Suresh P.; Paris, Jason J.; Rimoldi, John M.; Ashpole, Nicole; Walker, Larry; Ross, Samir A.; Shilabin, Abbas G.; Ibrahim, Mohamed A. published the artcile< Identification of an Orally Bioavailable, Brain-Penetrant Compound with Selectivity for the Cannabinoid Type 2 Receptor>, Electric Literature of 1003-32-3, the main research area is pyrrolobenzodiazepine preparation neuroinflammation cannabinoid receptor antineurodegenerative activity pharmacokinetic property; cannabinoid receptors CB1/CB2; central nervous system (CNS); neurodegenerative diseases; neuroinflammation; pharmacokinetics (PK); pyrrolobenzodiazepines; radioligand binding assay.

Modulation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) is of great interest for its therapeutic relevance in several pathophysiol. processes. The CB2 subtype is largely localized to immune effectors, including microglia within the central nervous system, where it promotes anti-inflammation. Recently, a rational drug design toward precise modulation of the CB2 active site revealed the novelty of Pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepines tricyclic chemotype with a high conformational similarity in comparison to the existing leads. These compounds are structurally unique, confirming their chemotype novelty. In our continuing search for new chemotypes as selective CB2 regulatory mols., following SAR approaches, a total of 17 selected (S,E)-11-[2-(arylmethylene)hydrazono]-PBD analogs were synthesized and tested for their ability to bind to the CB1 and CB2 receptor orthosteric sites. A competitive [3H]CP-55,940 binding screen revealed five compounds that exhibited >60% displacement at 10 μM concentration Further concentration-response anal. revealed two compounds, 4k and 4q, as potent and selective CB2 ligands with sub-micromolar activities (Ki = 146 nM and 137 nM, resp.). In order to support the potential efficacy and safety of the analogs, the oral and i.v. pharmacokinetic properties of compound 4k were sought. Compound 4k was orally bioavailable, reaching maximum brain concentrations of 602 ± 162 ng/g (p.o.) with an elimination half-life of 22.9 ± 3.73 h. Whether administered via the oral or i.v. route, the elimination half-lives ranged between 9.3 and 16.7 h in the liver and kidneys. These compounds represent novel chemotypes, which can be further optimized for improved affinity and selectivity toward the CB2 receptor.

Molecules published new progress about Anti-neurodegenerative agents. 1003-32-3 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C4H3NOS, Electric Literature of 1003-32-3.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Javadi, Ali; Shockravi, Abbas; Koohgard, Mehdi; Malek, Ali; Shourkaei, Fateme Ahmadi; Ando, Shinji published the artcile< Nitro-substituted polyamides: A new class of transparent and highly refractive materials>, Product Details of C9H7N3O2S, the main research area is nitro polyamide transparent refractive material.

High-refractive-index polyamides (PAs) were developed by introducing nitro groups, thiazole rings, and thioether linkages. The PAs were prepared by the polycondensation of a novel diamine monomer, 5,5′-thiobis(2-amino-4-(3-nitrophenyl)thiazole) (DA), with various aromatic diacids. The bulky pendant nitrophenyl units, as well as the flexible thioether linkage in the diamine, endowed the resulting PAs with excellent solubilities in both amide-type polar aprotic solvents and less polar solvents. The obtained polymers exhibited high heat resistance, with 10% weight loss temperatures exceeding 472 °C under nitrogen and 427 °C in air atm., while their glass transition temperatures were in the range 210-244 °C. The combination of the nitro substituents, thiazole units, and thioether linkages provided PAs with high refractive indexes of up to 1.7660 at 632.8 nm, along with high transparency in the visible region and low birefringences (<0.0081). The structure-property relationships of these PAs due to the presence of nitro groups were also studied by comparing the results with the previously reported analogous polymers. European Polymer Journal published new progress about Birefringence. 57493-24-0 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C9H7N3O2S, Product Details of C9H7N3O2S.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Vo, Duc Duy; Tran, Thi Phuong Anh; Staedel, Cathy; Benhida, Rachid; Darfeuille, Fabien; Di Giorgio, Audrey; Duca, Maria published the artcile< Oncogenic MicroRNAs Biogenesis as a Drug Target: Structure-Activity Relationship Studies on New Aminoglycoside Conjugates>, HPLC of Formula: 57493-24-0, the main research area is MicroRNA structure aminoglycoside antitumor neoplasm; RNA structures; biogenesis; cancer; inhibitors; microRNA.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a recently discovered category of small RNA mols. that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Accumulating evidence indicates that miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in a variety of human cancers and that the inhibition of these oncogenic miRNAs could find application in the therapy of different types of cancer. Herein, the authors describe the synthesis and biol. evaluation of new small-mol. drugs that target oncogenic miRNAs production In particular, the authors chose to target two miRNAs (i.e., miRNA-372 and -373) implicated in various types of cancer, such as gastric cancer. Their precursors (premiRNAs) are overexpressed in cancer cells and lead to mature miRNAs after cleavage of their stem-loop structure by the enzyme Dicer in the cytoplasm. Some of the newly synthesized conjugates can inhibit Dicer processing of the targeted premiRNAs in vitro with increased efficacy relative to the previous results (D.D. Vo et al., ACS Chem. Biol. 2014, 9, 711-721) and, more importantly, to inhibit proliferations of adenocarcinoma gastric cancer (AGS) cells overexpressing these miRNAs, thus representing promising leads for future drug development.

Chemistry – A European Journal published new progress about Aminoglycosides Role: PAC (Pharmacological Activity), RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), THU (Therapeutic Use), BIOL (Biological Study), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation), USES (Uses). 57493-24-0 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C9H7N3O2S, HPLC of Formula: 57493-24-0.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Stroet, Marcus C. M.; de Blois, Erik; Haeck, Joost; Seimbille, Yann; Mezzanotte, Laura; de Jong, Marion; Loewik, Clemens W. G. M.; Panth, Kranthi M. published the artcile< In vivo evaluation of gallium-68-labeled IRDye800CW as a necrosis avid contrast agent in solid tumors>, Category: thiazole, the main research area is gallium68 irdye800cw necrosis contrast agent solid tumor.

Necrosis only occurs in pathol. situations and is directly related to disease severity and, therefore, is an important biomarker. Tumor necrosis occurs in most solid tumors due to improperly functioning blood vessels that cannot keep up with the rapid growth, especially in aggressively growing tumors. The amount of necrosis per tumor volume is often correlated to rapid tumor proliferation and can be used as a diagnostic tool. Furthermore, efficient therapy against solid tumors will directly or indirectly lead to necrotic tumor cells, and detection of increased tumor necrosis can be an early marker for therapy efficacy. We propose the application of necrosis avid contrast agents to detect therapy-induced tumor necrosis. Herein, we advance gallium-68-labeled IRDye800CW, a near-IR fluorescent dye that exhibits excellent necrosis avidity, as a potential PET tracer for in vivo imaging of tumor necrosis. We developed a reliable labeling procedure to prepare [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-PEG4-IRDye800CW ([68Ga]Ga-1) with a radiochem. purity of >96% (radio-HPLC). The prominent dead cell binding of fluorescence and radioactivity from [68Ga]Ga-1 was confirmed with dead and alive cultured 4T1-Luc2 cells. [68Ga]Ga-1 was injected in 4T1-Luc2 tumor-bearing mice, and specific fluorescence and PET signal were observed in the spontaneously developing tumor necrosis. The i.p. injection of D-luciferin enabled simultaneous bioluminescence imaging of the viable tumor regions. Tumor necrosis binding was confirmed ex vivo by colocalization of fluorescence uptake with TUNEL dead cell staining and radioactivity uptake in dichotomized tumors and frozen tumor sections. Our presented study shows that [68Ga]Ga-1 is a promising PET tracer for the detection of tumor necrosis.

Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging published new progress about Bioluminescent imaging. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Category: thiazole.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Dong, Jiaxing; Huang, Yumin; Qin, Xurong; Cheng, Yangyang; Hao, Jing; Wan, Danyang; Li, Wei; Liu, Xingyan; You, Jingsong published the artcile< Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidative C-H/C-H Cross-Coupling between Two Structurally Similar Azoles>, Application In Synthesis of 20582-55-2, the main research area is azole palladium copper cocatalyst oxidative cross coupling; double carbon hydrogen activation azole cross coupling.

A widely functional-group tolerant, selective and rapid oxidative cross-coupling between two structurally similar azoles has been carried out by using a palladium/copper co-catalytic twofold C-H activation method.

Chemistry – A European Journal published new progress about Azoles Role: PRP (Properties), RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 20582-55-2 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C7H9NO2S, Application In Synthesis of 20582-55-2.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica