Month: November 2022

Kinkar, Eyad published the artcileThe multicopper oxidase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MmcO) exhibits ferroxidase activity and scavenges reactive oxygen species in activated THP-1 cells, Application of Ammonium 2,2′-(hydrazine-1,2-diylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole-6-sulfonate), the publication is International Journal of Medical Microbiology (2019), 309(7), 151324, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The MmcO protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a membrane-associated multicopper oxidase. Its natural substrate(s) and its role in pathogenesis are not well characterized. A recent report proposes that MmcO contributes to copper resistance in M. tuberculosis during infection. We have expressed and reconstituted the active enzyme from inclusion bodies in E. coli. MmcO exhibits maximal activity against the exptl. substrate 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) or ABTS, at pH 4. The enzyme also exhibits ferroxidase activity at pH 4. Most notable was the finding that MmcO is able to scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase enzyme system. This ROS scavenging activity of MmcO was also evident against ROS generated by THP-1 cells. We propose that MmcO protects M. tuberculosis during infection against ROS attack in addition to providing copper resistance to the pathogen.

International Journal of Medical Microbiology published new progress about 30931-67-0. 30931-67-0 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Salt,Hydrazine,Amine,Benzothiazole, name is Ammonium 2,2′-(hydrazine-1,2-diylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole-6-sulfonate), and the molecular formula is C18H24N6O6S4, Application of Ammonium 2,2′-(hydrazine-1,2-diylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole-6-sulfonate).

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Zhang, YanQing published the artcileFabrication and characterization of enzyme electrode for lactate fuel cell, Category: thiazole, the publication is Hwahak Konghak (2021), 59(3), 373-378, database is CAplus.

The study aimed to develop a high-power enzymic electrode for a wearable fuel cell that generates electricity utilizing lactate present in a sweat as fuel. Anode was fabricated by immobilizing lactate oxidase (LOx) on flexible carbon paper. As the lactate concentration in the electrolyte solution increased, the amount of current generated by catalysis of lactate oxidase increased. The immobilized LOx generated 1.5-times greater oxidation c.d. in the presence of gold nanoparticles than carbon paper only. Bilirubin oxidase (BOD)-immobilized cathode generated a larger amount of reduction current in the electrolyte saturated with oxygen than purged with nitrogen. A fuel cell composed of two electrodes was fabricated and cell voltage was measured under different discharge current. At the discharge c.d. of 66.7μA/cm², the cell voltage was 0.5±0.0 V leading to maximum cell power d. of 33.8±2.5μW/cm².

Hwahak Konghak published new progress about 30931-67-0. 30931-67-0 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Salt,Hydrazine,Amine,Benzothiazole, name is Ammonium 2,2′-(hydrazine-1,2-diylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole-6-sulfonate), and the molecular formula is C12H10O4S, Category: thiazole.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Mor, Satbir published the artcileRegioselective synthesis of benzo[b]indeno[1,2-e][1,4]thiazin-11(10aH)-ones and antimicrobial evaluation thereof, HPLC of Formula: 95-24-9, the publication is Synthetic Communications (2022), 52(13-14), 1526-1536, database is CAplus.

Benzo[b]indeno[1,2-e][1,4]thiazin-11(10aH)-ones I [R = 2-F, 3-F, 4-Cl; R¹ = H, Cl, Br, Me, MeO] were synthesized regioselectively via cyclocondensation of 2,5-dibromo-2-(substitutedphenyl)-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-diones and 2-aminobenzenethiols using freshly dried EtOH as solvent with 42-60% yields. The synthesized derivatives I were well-characterized by employing different spectral techniques (FTIR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, and HRMS) and X-ray crystallog. anal. All the derivatives I were examined for their preliminary in vitro antimicrobial activity against two Gram-pos. bacterial strains, i.e., B. subtilis, and S. aureus, two Gram-neg. bacterial strains, i.e., P. aeruginosa and E. coli, and two fungal strains, i.e., C. albicans and R. oryzae employing serial dilution method taking Ciprofloxacin and Fluconazole as standard reference drugs for antibacterial and antifungal activities, resp. Among all the tested derivatives I, derivative I [R = 4-Cl; R¹ = Br] was found to exhibit significant inhibition against all the microbial strains under study.

Synthetic Communications published new progress about 95-24-9. 95-24-9 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Organic Pigment, name is 6-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-ylamine, and the molecular formula is C7H5ClN2S, HPLC of Formula: 95-24-9.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Pesin, V. G. published the artcileChemistry of 2,1,3-thiadiazole. V. Nitration of some mono- and dihalo derivatives of benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole, Recommanded Product: 5-Chlorobenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazol-4-amine, the publication is Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii (1957), 2599-604, database is CAplus.

cf. C.A. 52, 3790i. Nitration of 2.5 g. 6-chlorobenzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole in 10 ml. concentrated H₂SO₄ at 0° with 1 ml. concentrated HNO₃ and 3 ml. H₂SO₄, finally 45 min. at 20° gave 2.9 g. 4-nitro-5-chlorobenzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole, m. 141°, which with Fe-aqueous AcOH gave a 4-amino analog (I), m. 92°. Similarly were prepared: 92% 4-nitro-5-bromobenzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole, m. 122°, and its 4-amino analog, m. 114°; also, 4-nitro-5,7-di-chlorobenzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole, m. 127-8°, and its 4-amino analog, m. 171°. Treatment of 0.93 g. I in 6 ml. 98% AcOH with 0.65 g. dichloramine with 1.5 ml. concentrated HCl and 6 ml. AcOH at 12° gave yellow 4-amino-5,7-dichlorobenzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole, m. 171°. Nitration of 4,6-dibromobenzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole as above gave 97% 7-nitro derivative, m. 155.5-56°, which reduced to the 7-amino derivative, m. 160°. Treatment of 4-amino-5-bromobenzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole with Br₂ in AcOH gave 4-amino-5,7-dibromobenzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole, m. 162-3°. To 370 g. PhNH₂ in 370 ml. MePh was added at 50-60° 400 ml. SOCl₂ in 400 ml. MePh, the last part being added at 100°; heating 30 hrs. gave 85% thionylaniline, b. 198-200°. To 39 g. SnCl₄ in 80 ml. concentrated HCl at 60° was added in 1 hr. 10 g. 4-bromo-2-nitroaniline, yielding after 1 hr. after treatment with NaOH 88.1% 4-bromo-1,2-diamino-benzene, which (7.5 g.) in 12 ml. MePH was treated with 12 ml. thionylaniline and heated 1 hr. on steam bath, then treated with 4% HCl, yielding 96.5% 5-bromobenzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole, m. 61°. Similar treatment of 3,5-dibromo-ο-phenylenediamine gave 98% 4,6-dibromobenzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole, m. 127-8°.

Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii published new progress about 30536-19-7. 30536-19-7 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Chloride,Amine, name is 5-Chlorobenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazol-4-amine, and the molecular formula is C6H4ClN3S, Recommanded Product: 5-Chlorobenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazol-4-amine.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Harisha, S. published the artcileSynthesis, characterization, pharmacological evaluation and molecular docking studies of benzothiazole azo derivatives, Safety of 6-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-ylamine, the publication is Journal of Molecular Structure (2020), 128477, database is CAplus.

A series of novel benzothiazole based azo dyes were synthesized and fully characterized by using different anal. techniques. The antioxidant activity of synthesized azo dyes was studied with the DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, metal chelating and nitric oxide radical methods and compared with the known antioxidant ascorbic acid. Further, the anticancer properties of synthesized azo dyes were carried out against breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines by MTT assay and results revealed that the synthesized compounds exhibited good anticancer property in micro-molar range. Addnl., the anti-inflammatory activities of target compounds were also investigated by protein denaturation method and were found to have effective anti-inflammatory property. In order to predict the binding modes and binding affinity of synthesized compounds, they were docked into the active sites of protein B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (Bcl-xL) to predict their anticancer property. The synthesized compounds were found to have good affinity for B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (Bcl-xL). A good correlation was found between in-silico docking anal. and in biol. screening of all synthesized azo dyes with less binding energies and higher inhibition constants value against the target protein.

Journal of Molecular Structure published new progress about 95-24-9. 95-24-9 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Organic Pigment, name is 6-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-ylamine, and the molecular formula is C7H5ClN2S, Safety of 6-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-ylamine.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Maliyappa, M. R. published the artcile6-Substituted benzothiazole based dispersed azo dyes having pyrazole moiety: Synthesis, characterization, electrochemical and DFT studies, Name: 6-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-ylamine, the publication is Journal of Molecular Structure (2020), 126959, database is CAplus.

In the present work discusses synthesis, structural characterization and electrochem. investigation on some azo dyes derived from substituted benzothiazoles. The conventional diazo-coupling method was adopted to afford the heterocyclic azo dyes of benzothiazoles having pyrazole moiety. The obtained azo dyes were characterized by FT-IR, UV-visible, fluorescence, 1HNMR and, mass spectrometric techniques. The quantum chem. studies (DFT) was also used to interpret the structural properties of the compounds by using B3LYP program at 6-311++ (d, p) basis set. Further, the cyclic voltammetry was used to study the electrochem. behavior of the synthesized azo dyes in 0.1 M H₂SO₄ solution on a glassy carbon electrode at different scan rates.

Journal of Molecular Structure published new progress about 95-24-9. 95-24-9 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Organic Pigment, name is 6-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-ylamine, and the molecular formula is C7H5ClN2S, Name: 6-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-ylamine.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Maliyappa, M. R. published the artcileSix-substituted benzothiazole based dispersed azo dyes having antipyrine moiety: synthesis, characterization, DFT, antimicrobial, anticancer and molecular docking studies, Safety of 6-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-ylamine, the publication is Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society (2022), 19(9), 3815-3835, database is CAplus.

A series of benzothiazole based dispersed azo compounds I [R = H, Cl, Me, etc.] were synthesized by diazotization of benzothiazole derivatives coupling with antipyrine through traditional electrophilic substitution reaction in the temperature range of 0-5°C. The chem. structure of the prepared mols. I was characterized by various anal. and spectroscopic techniques. Further, the theor. vibrational and structural optimization studies of the mols. I were investigated by using DFT/B3LYP method. All the synthesized azo dyes I were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against various bacterial and fungal strains, and the obtained results were exhibited to be potent antimicrobial activities compared with the reference compound Further, the mol. docking studies was performed and results showed the possible interaction between the synthesized chem. compound and the receptor. In addition, the in vitro anticancer activity of all the synthesized azo dyes was performed against different human cancer cell lines such as A549, K562 and MDA-MB-231 by using MTT assay.

Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society published new progress about 95-24-9. 95-24-9 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Organic Pigment, name is 6-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-ylamine, and the molecular formula is C7H5ClN2S, Safety of 6-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-ylamine.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Altug-Tasa, Burcugul published the artcileDesign, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Novel Series of Thiadiazole- Based Anticancer Agents as Potent Angiogenesis Inhibitors, Category: thiazole, the publication is Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (2021), 21(15), 2041-2049, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Thiadiazole has attracted a great deal of interest as a versatile heterocycle for the discovery and development of potent anticancer agents. Thiadiazole derivatives exert potent antitumor activity against a variety of human cancer cell lines through various mechanisms. The goal of this work was to design and synthesize thiadiazole-based anticancer agents with anti-angiogenic activity. N-aryl-2-[(5-(aryl)amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio]acetamides (4a-r) were synthesized via the reaction of 5-(aryl)amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2(3H)-thiones with N-(aryl)-2-chloroacetamides in the presence of potassium carbonate. The compounds were investigated for their cytotoxic effects on three cancer (A549, HepG2, SH-SY5Y), two normal (HUVEC and 3T3-L1) cell lines using MTT and WST-1 assays. In order to examine whether the compounds have anti-angiogenic effects or not, HUVECs were cultured on matrigel matrix to create a vascular-like tube formation. Compounds 4d, 4m and 4n were more effective on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells than cisplatin. The IC₅₀ values of compounds 4d, 4m and 4n for A549 cell line were found to be 7.82 ± 0.4, 12.5 ± 0.22, 10.1 ± 0.52 μM, resp. when compared with cisplatin (IC₅₀= 20 ± 0.51 μM), while their IC₅₀ values for HUVEC cell line were determined as 138.7 ± 0.84, 78 ± 0.44, 177.6 ± 0.2 μM, resp. after 48 h of the treatment. The concentrations (10-20-50 μM) of compounds 4d, 4e, 4l, 4m, 4n, 4q and 4r were found to inhibit vascular like tube formation. According to their anticancer and anti-angiogenic effects, compounds 4d, 4m and 4n may be potential anticancer agents for further in vivo studies.

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 95-24-9. 95-24-9 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Organic Pigment, name is 6-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-ylamine, and the molecular formula is C7H5ClN2S, Category: thiazole.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Gasior, Justyna published the artcileCarbohydrates profile, polyphenols content and antioxidative properties of beer worts produced with different dark malts varieties or roasted barley grains, COA of Formula: C18H24N6O6S4, the publication is Molecules (2020), 25(17), 3882, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of shaping properties of beers at the stage of brewing wort production with the use of various types of special malts (chocolate pale, chocolate dark, wheat chocolate, brown barley) and roasted barley grains. The carbohydrate profile, polyphenols content, antioxidant capacity, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural content, and the browning index level were analyzed. Statistical anal. showed significant differences in the values of the examined features between the samples. The sugars whose content was most affected by the addition of special malts were maltose and dextrins. The polyphenol content in worts with 10% of additive was 176.02-397.03 mg GAE/L, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) 1.32-2.07 mmol TE/L, and capacity to reduction radical generated from 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS•+) 1.46-2.70 mmol TE/L. Wort with 40% dark malt showed the highest content of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity (FRAP and ABTS•+). The HMF content and the browning index value were higher for wort with the addition of darker-colored malts (EBC) and increased with increasing dark malt dose.

Molecules published new progress about 30931-67-0. 30931-67-0 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Salt,Hydrazine,Amine,Benzothiazole, name is Ammonium 2,2′-(hydrazine-1,2-diylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole-6-sulfonate), and the molecular formula is C18H24N6O6S4, COA of Formula: C18H24N6O6S4.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Mattioni, Brian E. published the artcilePredicting the Genotoxicity of Secondary and Aromatic Amines Using Data Subsetting To Generate a Model Ensemble, Category: thiazole, the publication is Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences (2003), 43(3), 949-963, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Binary quant. structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models are developed to classify a data set of 334 aromatic and secondary amine compounds as genotoxic or nongenotoxic based on information calculated solely from chem. structure. Genotoxic endpoints for each compound were determined using the SOS Chromotest in both the presence and absence of an S9 rat liver homogenate. Compounds were considered genotoxic if assay results indicated a pos. genotoxicity hit for either the S9 inactivated or S9 activated assay. Each compound in the data set was encoded through the calculation of numerical descriptors that describe various aspects of chem. structure (e.g. topol., geometric, electronic, polar surface area). Furthermore, five addnl. descriptors that focused on the secondary and aromatic nitrogen atoms in each mol. were calculated specifically for this study. Descriptor subsets were examined using a genetic algorithm search engine interfaced with a k-Nearest Neighbor fitness evaluator to find the most information-rich subsets, which ultimately served as the final predictive models. Models were chosen for their ability to minimize the total number of misclassifications, with special attention given to those models that possessed fewer occurrences of pos. toxicity hits being misclassified as nontoxic (false negatives). In addition, a subsetting procedure was used to form an ensemble of models using different combinations of compounds in the training and prediction sets. This was done to ensure that consistent results could be obtained regardless of training set composition The procedure also allowed for each compound to be externally validated three times by different training set data with the resultant predictions being used in a “majority rules” voting scheme to produce a consensus prediction for each member of the data set. The individual models produced an average training set classification rate of 71.6% and an average prediction set classification rate of 67.7%. However, the model ensemble was able to correctly classify the genotoxicity of 72.2% of all prediction set compounds

Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences published new progress about 92-36-4. 92-36-4 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Organic Pigment, name is 2-(4-Aminophenyl)-6-methylbenzothiazole, and the molecular formula is C14H12N2S, Category: thiazole.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica