Month: January 2023

Photochemical synthesis of 2-substituted benzothiazoles was written by Muthusamy, Sengoden;Paramasivam, Rangasamy;Ramakrishnan, Vayalakkavoor T.. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 1991.Computed Properties of C13H10N2S This article mentions the following:

The photochem. cyclization of indolethiocarbanilides I (R, R¹ = H, Cl; R², R³ = H, Me; R⁴ = Cl, Br), o-ClC₆H₄NHCSNR⁵R⁶ (R⁵ = H, Ph; R⁶ = COPh, Ph) and dioxothiocyclohexanecarboxanilides II (R⁷ = H; R⁸ = H, Me; R⁷R⁸ = CH:CHCH:CH) affording the resp. benzothiazoles e.g., III, IV, V are described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Phenylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine (cas: 1843-21-6Computed Properties of C13H10N2S).

N-Phenylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine (cas: 1843-21-6) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazoles are a class of five-membered rings containing nitrogen and sulfur with excellent antitumor, antiviral and antibiotic activities. Various laboratory methods exist for the organic synthesis of thiazoles. Prominent is the Hantzsch thiazole synthesis is a reaction between haloketones and thioamides.Computed Properties of C13H10N2S

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

An economically and environmentally sustainable synthesis of 2-aminobenzothiazoles and 2-aminobenzoxazoles promoted by water was written by Zhang, Xinying;Jia, Xuefei;Wang, Jianji;Fan, Xuesen. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2011.Recommanded Product: N-Phenylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine This article mentions the following:

Tandem reactions of isothiocyanates (1) with 2-aminothiophenols (2), or isothiocyanates (1) with 2-aminophenols (4), were carried out rapidly and efficiently in water. A significant rate acceleration of the reaction between 1a and 2a in water compared with commonly used volatile organic solvents was observed Through these reactions, a variety of structurally and pharmaceutically interesting 2-aminobenzothiazoles (3) and 2-aminobenzoxazoles (5) were synthesized in good yields. This novel synthetic approach toward 3 and 5 has advantages such as high efficiency, readily available starting materials, environmentally benign solvent, and highly simple and practical exptl. procedures. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-Phenylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine (cas: 1843-21-6Recommanded Product: N-Phenylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine).

N-Phenylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine (cas: 1843-21-6) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazoles in peptides or their ability to bind proteins, DNA and RNA has led to many synthetic studies and new applications. There are numerous natural products that possess a thiazole ring with broad pharmacological activities. Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, possesses a thiazole ring linked with 2-methylpyrimidine-4-amine as hydrochloride salt.Recommanded Product: N-Phenylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Design and Synthesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Entry Inhibitors: Sulfonamide as an Isostere for the α-Ketoamide Group was written by Lu, Rong-Jian;Tucker, John A.;Zinevitch, Tatiana;Kirichenko, Olga;Konoplev, Vitalii;Kuznetsova, Svetlana;Sviridov, Sergey;Pickens, Jason;Tandel, Sagun;Brahmachary, Enugurthi;Yang, Yang;Wang, Jian;Freel, Stephanie;Fisher, Shelly;Sullivan, Alana;Zhou, Jiying;Stanfield-Oakley, Sherry;Greenberg, Michael;Bolognesi, Dani;Bray, Brian;Koszalka, Barney;Jeffs, Peter;Khasanov, Alisher;Ma, You-An;Jeffries, Cynthia;Liu, Changhui;Proskurina, Tatiana;Zhu, Tong;Chucholowski, Alexander;Li, Rongshi;Sexton, Connie. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2007.Recommanded Product: 68867-17-4 This article mentions the following:

The crystal structures of many tertiary α-ketoamides reveal an orthogonal arrangement of the two carbonyl groups. Based on the hypothesis that the α-ketoamide HIV attachment inhibitor BMS 806 (formally BMS378806, 26) might bind to its gp120 target via a similar conformation, we designed and synthesized a series of analogs in which the ketoamide group is replaced by an isosteric sulfonamide group. The most potent of these analogs, 14i (I), demonstrated antiviral potency comparable to 26 in the M33 pseudotyped antiviral assay. Flexible overlay calculations of a ketoamide inhibitor with a sulfonamide inhibitor revealed a single conformation of each that gave significantly better overlap of key pharmacophore features than other conformations and thus suggest a possible binding conformation for each class. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzothiazole-5-carboxylic acid (cas: 68867-17-4Recommanded Product: 68867-17-4).

Benzothiazole-5-carboxylic acid (cas: 68867-17-4) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazoles in peptides or their ability to bind proteins, DNA and RNA has led to many synthetic studies and new applications. Various laboratory methods exist for the organic synthesis of thiazoles. Prominent is the Hantzsch thiazole synthesis is a reaction between haloketones and thioamides.Recommanded Product: 68867-17-4

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel dipeptide-type SARS-CoV 3CL protease inhibitors: Structure-activity relationship study was written by Thanigaimalai, Pillaiyar;Konno, Sho;Yamamoto, Takehito;Koiwai, Yuji;Taguchi, Akihiro;Takayama, Kentaro;Yakushiji, Fumika;Akaji, Kenichi;Kiso, Yoshiaki;Kawasaki, Yuko;Chen, Shen-En;Naser-Tavakolian, Aurash;Schon, Arne;Freire, Ernesto;Hayashi, Yoshio. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2013.Application of 1826-13-7 This article mentions the following:

This work describes the design, synthesis, and evaluation of low-mol. weight peptidic SARS-CoV 3CL protease inhibitors. The inhibitors were designed based on the potent tripeptidic Z-Val-Leu-Ala(pyrrolidone-3-yl)-2-benzothiazole (I) (K_i = 4.1 nM), in which the P3 valine unit was substituted with a variety of distinct moieties. The resulting series of dipeptide-type inhibitors displayed moderate to good inhibitory activities against 3CL^pro. In particular, compounds (II) (R¹ = OMe, R² = H and R¹ = H, R² = OMe) exhibited good inhibitory activities with K_i values of 0.39 and 0.33 μM, resp. These low-mol. weight compounds are attractive leads for the further development of potent peptidomimetic inhibitors with pharmaceutical profiles. Docking studies were performed to model the binding interaction of the compound II (R¹ = OMe, R² = H) with the SARS-CoV 3CL protease. The preliminary SAR study of the peptidomimetic compounds with potent inhibitory activities revealed several structural features that boosted the inhibitory activity: (i) a benzothiazole warhead at the S1′ position, (ii) a γ-lactam unit at the S1-position, (iii) an appropriately hydrophobic leucine moiety at the S2-position, and (iv) a hydrogen bond between the N-arylglycine unit and a backbone hydrogen bond donor at the S3-position. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Phenylthiazole (cas: 1826-13-7Application of 1826-13-7).

5-Phenylthiazole (cas: 1826-13-7) belongs to thiazole derivatives. The thiazole ring is notable as a component of the vitamin thiamine (B1). Thiazole is a versatile building block for the construction and lead generation of new drug discoveries. Numerous diazole-based compounds are in clinical use as anticancer, antileukemic, antiinflammatory, antiviral, antifungal, antirheumatic, immunomodulator, and antiparasitic agents.Application of 1826-13-7

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Synthesis and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition of Novel 2-(4-(Aryl)thiazole-2-yl)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-4,7-methanoisoindole-1,3(2H)-dione Derivatives was written by Kocyigit, Umit M.;Aslan, Osman Nuri;Gulcin, Ilhami;Temel, Yusuf;Ceylan, Mustafa. And the article was included in Archiv der Pharmazie (Weinheim, Germany) in 2016.Reference of 6318-74-7 This article mentions the following:

A number of 2-(4-(aryl)thiazole-2-yl)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-4,7-methanoisoindole-1,3(2H)-dione derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory characteristics against the human CA isoenzymes I and II (hCA I and hCA II). The structures of the new isoindolylthiazole derivatives were confirmed by means of IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and elemental anal. These compounds exhibited excellent inhibitory effects, in the low nanomolar range, with K_i values in the range of 27.07-37.80 nM against hCA I and in the range of 11.80-25.81 nM against hCA II. Our findings suggested that the new isoindolylthiazole derivatives have superior inhibitory effect over acetazolamide (AZA), which was used as clin. CA inhibitor with K_i values of 34.50 and 28.93 nM against the hCA I and hCA II isoenzymes, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,5-Diphenylthiazol-2-amine (cas: 6318-74-7Reference of 6318-74-7).

4,5-Diphenylthiazol-2-amine (cas: 6318-74-7) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazole is a five-membered, unsaturated, planar, π-excessive heteroaromatic containing one sulfur atom and one pyridine-type nitrogen atom at position 3 of the cyclic ring system. Thiazole sulfonation occurs only under forcing conditions: the action of oleum at 250 °C for 3 hours in the presence of mercury(II) sulfate leads to 65% formation of 5-thiazole sulfonic acid.Reference of 6318-74-7

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Discovery of a quorum sensing modulator pharmacophore by 3D small-molecule microarray screening was written by Marsden, David M.;Nicholson, Rebecca L.;Skindersoe, Mette E.;Galloway, Warren R. J. D.;Sore, Hannah F.;Givskov, Michael;Salmond, George P. C.;Ladlow, Mark;Welch, Martin;Spring, David R.. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2010.Safety of Thiazol-2-ylmethanamine This article mentions the following:

The screening of large arrays of drug-like small-mols. was traditionally a time consuming and resource intensive task. New methodol. developed within the authors’ laboratories provides an attractive low cost, 3D microarray-assisted screening platform that could be used to rapidly assay thousands of compounds As a proof-of-principle the platform was exploited to screen a number of quorum sensing analogs. Quorum sensing was used by bacterium to initiate and spread infection; in this context its modulation may have significant clin. value. 3D microarray slides were probed with fluorescently labeled ligand-binding domains of the LuxR homolog CarR from Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora. The 3D microarray platform was used to discover the biol. active chloro-pyridine pharmacophore, which was validated using a fluorometric ligand binding assay and ITC. Analogs containing the chloro-pyridine pharmacophore are potent inhibitors of N-acyl-homoserine-lactone (AHL) mediated quorum sensing phenotypes in Serratia (IC₅₀ ≃5 μM) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IC₅₀ = 10-20 μM). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Thiazol-2-ylmethanamine (cas: 55661-33-1Safety of Thiazol-2-ylmethanamine).

Thiazol-2-ylmethanamine (cas: 55661-33-1) belongs to thiazole derivatives. The thiazole ring is notable as a component of the vitamin thiamine (B1). The nitrogen in thiazole is sp2 hybridized and the lone pair of electrons localized on the nitrogen is less reactive due to increased aromatic character and decreased basicity. It is protonated and alkylated/acylated at nitrogen forming hydrochloride and quaternary thiazolium salt.Safety of Thiazol-2-ylmethanamine

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Factor Xa Inhibitors: S1 Binding Interactions of a Series of N-{(3S)-1-[(1S)-1-Methyl-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethyl]-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl}sulfonamides was written by Chan, Chuen;Borthwick, Alan D.;Brown, David;Burns-Kurtis, Cynthia L.;Campbell, Matthew;Chaudry, Laiq;Chung, Chun-wa;Convery, Maire A.;Hamblin, J. Nicole;Johnstone, Lisa;Kelly, Henry A.;Kleanthous, Savvas;Patikis, Angela;Patel, Champa;Pateman, Anthony J.;Senger, Stefan;Shah, Gita P.;Toomey, John R.;Watson, Nigel S.;Weston, Helen E.;Whitworth, Caroline;Young, Robert J.;Zhou, Ping. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2007.Name: 6-Chlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2(3H)-one This article mentions the following:

Factor Xa inhibitory activities for a series of N-{(3S)-1-[(1S)-1-methyl-2-morpholin-4-yl-2-oxoethyl]-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl}sulfonamides with different P1 groups are described. These data provide insight into binding interactions within the S1 primary specificity pocket; rationales are presented for the derived SAR on the basis of electronic interactions through crystal structures of fXa-ligand complexes and mol. modeling studies. A good correlation between in vitro anticoagulant activities with lipophilicity and the extent of human serum albumin binding is observed within this series of potent fXa inhibitors. Pharmacokinetic profiles in rat and dog, together with selectivity over other trypsin-like serine proteases, identified (I) as a candidate for further evaluation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2(3H)-one (cas: 62266-81-3Name: 6-Chlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2(3H)-one).

6-Chlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2(3H)-one (cas: 62266-81-3) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazoles in peptides or their ability to bind proteins, DNA and RNA has led to many synthetic studies and new applications. Thiazole is a versatile building block for the construction and lead generation of new drug discoveries. Numerous diazole-based compounds are in clinical use as anticancer, antileukemic, antiinflammatory, antiviral, antifungal, antirheumatic, immunomodulator, and antiparasitic agents.Name: 6-Chlorobenzo[d]thiazol-2(3H)-one

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Quaternization at an Sp² nitrogen. II. An analysis on the substituent effect and on the nature of the transition state was written by Behera, G. B.;Sharma, A.. And the article was included in Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan in 1979.Computed Properties of C15H12N2S This article mentions the following:

The kinetics of N-phenacylation of a number of substituted thiazoles with substituted phenacyl bromides were investigated in PhNO₂ and in a number of other dipolar aprotic solvents. The rate constants of 2-amino-4-phenylthiazoles and 2-aminobenzothiazoles were calculated with suitably developed equations. The deviation of the observed values from the calculated results was ascribed to the steric effect. A 7-membered H-bonded transition state was proposed on the basis of the results obtained from the substituent and medium effects. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,5-Diphenylthiazol-2-amine (cas: 6318-74-7Computed Properties of C15H12N2S).

4,5-Diphenylthiazol-2-amine (cas: 6318-74-7) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazole rings are planar and aromatic. Thiazoles are characterized by larger pi-electron delocalization than the corresponding oxazoles and have therefore greater aromaticity. Thiazole is a versatile building block for the construction and lead generation of new drug discoveries. Numerous diazole-based compounds are in clinical use as anticancer, antileukemic, antiinflammatory, antiviral, antifungal, antirheumatic, immunomodulator, and antiparasitic agents.Computed Properties of C15H12N2S

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Renal functional changes in experimental cystic disease are tubular in origin. was written by Carone, F A;Ozono, S;Samma, S;Kanwar, Y S;Oyasu, R. And the article was included in Kidney international in 1988.Safety of 4,5-Diphenylthiazol-2-amine This article mentions the following:

Chronic (30 weeks) structural and functional changes were correlated in diphenylthiazole (DPT)-induced polycystic kidney disease (PKD) in rats. DPT induced two different types of progressive tubular changes: cystic transformation and hyperplastic/atrophic tubular changes. Cystic changes diffusely involved collecting tubules in the outer medulla and cortex, and they were progressive over 30 weeks. Hyperplastic/atrophic changes occurred as clusters of tubules in the cortex and involved between 25% and 50% of tubular profiles after 12 and 30 weeks of drug treatment. Thus, the two types of tubular change were independent of each other and represent different cellular responses to the drug. DPT treatment induced no detectable light- and electron-microscopic or histochemical alterations in glomeruli or renal blood vessels. Renal functional changes consisted of: (1) early (4 weeks) and persistent impairment of concentrating ability; (2) a progressive drop in creatinine clearance and elevation in BUN; and (3) the late onset (30 weeks) of moderate proteinuria. These findings suggest that cystic as well as hyperplastic-atrophic tubular changes contribute to the loss of tubular and renal function in DPT-induced PKD. Both types of tubular lesions may have a role in the development of impaired renal function in other forms of experimental and clinical PKD. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,5-Diphenylthiazol-2-amine (cas: 6318-74-7Safety of 4,5-Diphenylthiazol-2-amine).

4,5-Diphenylthiazol-2-amine (cas: 6318-74-7) belongs to thiazole derivatives. The thiazole ring is notable as a component of the vitamin thiamine (B1). There are numerous natural products that possess a thiazole ring with broad pharmacological activities. Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, possesses a thiazole ring linked with 2-methylpyrimidine-4-amine as hydrochloride salt.Safety of 4,5-Diphenylthiazol-2-amine

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Decreased de novo synthesis of proteoglycans in drug-induced renal cystic disease was written by Lelongt, Brigitte;Carone, Frank A.;Kanwar, Yashpal S.. And the article was included in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 1988.HPLC of Formula: 6318-74-7 This article mentions the following:

Cellular and extracellular (tubular basement membrane, TBM) alterations in the proteoglycans (PGs) of the rat renal tubules in diphenylthiazole-induced cystic disease were investigated. The PGs of normal and cystic kidneys were labeled with [³⁵S]sulfate in an organ-perfusion system. Extracted cellular and TBM PGs were characterized by Sepharose CL-6B chromatog. before or after treatment with heparitinase (degrades heparan sulfate) or chondroitinase ABC (degrades chondroitin sulfate). Total radioactivities in cellular, TBM, and medium fractions of cystic kidneys were reduced by factors of 9, 7, and 3, resp. The PGs obtained from cystic and normal kidneys had similar profiles, namely, two peaks of radioactivity with K_av values of 0.26 (M_r = 130,000-150,000) and 0.40 (M_r = 50,000-55,000). The peaks had variable proportions of radioactivity for cellular and TBM fractions. Besides heparan sulfate, an addnl. 15-20% of chondroitin sulfate was synthesized in all three fractions obtained from cystic kidneys. The PGs synthesized by cystic kidneys had lower charge-d. characteristics as compared to controls by DEAE-Sepharose chromatog. The medium fractions contained mostly glycosaminoglycan chains of heparan sulfate. Autoradiograms of tissue samples revealed ≈50% and ≈60% decreases of grain densities over the cellular and TBM compartments, resp. This decrease in de novo PG synthesis may have some relationship in the pathogenesis of polycystic kidney disease. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,5-Diphenylthiazol-2-amine (cas: 6318-74-7HPLC of Formula: 6318-74-7).

4,5-Diphenylthiazol-2-amine (cas: 6318-74-7) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazoles are a class of five-membered rings containing nitrogen and sulfur with excellent antitumor, antiviral and antibiotic activities. The nitrogen in thiazole is sp2 hybridized and the lone pair of electrons localized on the nitrogen is less reactive due to increased aromatic character and decreased basicity. It is protonated and alkylated/acylated at nitrogen forming hydrochloride and quaternary thiazolium salt.HPLC of Formula: 6318-74-7

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica