Category: thiazole

Development of a QPatch Automated Electrophysiology Assay for Identifying KCa3.1 Inhibitors and Activators was written by Jenkins, David Paul;Yu, Weifeng;Brown, Brandon M.;Lojkner, Lars Damgaard;Wulff, Heike. And the article was included in Assay and Drug Development Technologies in 2013.Category: thiazole This article mentions the following:

The intermediate-conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channel KCa3.1 (also known as KCNN4, IK1, or the Gardos channel) plays an important role in the activation of T and B cells, mast cells, macrophages, and microglia by regulating membrane potential, cellular volume, and calcium signaling. KCa3.1 is further involved in the proliferation of dedifferentiated vascular smooth muscle cells and fibroblast and endothelium-derived hyperpolarization responses in the vascular endothelium. Accordingly, KCa3.1 inhibitors are therapeutically interesting as immunosuppressants and for the treatment of a wide range of fibroproliferative disorders, whereas KCa3.1 activators constitute a potential new class of endothelial function preserving antihypertensives. Here, we report the development of QPatch assays for both KCa3.1 inhibitors and activators. During assay optimization, the Ca²⁺ sensitivity of KCa3.1 was studied using varying intracellular Ca²⁺ concentrations A free Ca²⁺ concentration of 1 渭M was chosen to optimally test inhibitors. To identify activators, which generally act as pos. gating modulators, a lower Ca²⁺ concentration (鈭?00 nM) was used. The QPatch results were benchmarked against manual patch-clamp electrophysiol. by determining the potency of several commonly used KCa3.1 inhibitors (TRAM-34, NS6180, ChTX) and activators (EBIO, riluzole, SKA-31). Collectively, our results demonstrate that the QPatch provides a comparable but much faster approach to study compound interactions with KCa3.1 channels in a robust and reliable assay. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Naphtho[1,2-d]thiazol-2-amine (cas: 40172-65-4Category: thiazole).

Naphtho[1,2-d]thiazol-2-amine (cas: 40172-65-4) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazoles frequently appear in peptide studies. Thiazoles can also be used as protected formyl groups, which can be released in later stages of complex natural product synthesis. Electrophilic attack at nitrogen depends on the presence of electron density at nitrogen as well as the position and nature of substituent linked to the thiazole ring.Category: thiazole

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Aztreonam in combination with imipenem-relebactam against clinical and isogenic strains of serine and metallo-尾-lactamase-producing enterobacterales was written by Biagi, Mark;Lee, Michelle;Wu, Tiffany;Shajee, Aisha;Patel, Shitalben;Deshpande, Lalitagauri M.;Mendes, Rodrigo E.;Wenzler, Eric. And the article was included in Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease in 2022.Product Details of 78110-38-0 This article mentions the following:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of aztreonam plus imipenem-relebactam against clin. and isogenic strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae co-harboring NDM and > 1 serine 尾-lactamase.Thirteen isolates were included: 4 clin. E. coli, 4 clin. K. pneumoniae, and 5 isogenic E. coli. Drugs were tested in time-kill analyses alone, in dual 尾-lactam combinations, and in triple drug combinations against all strains.All isolates were resistant to imipenem and imipenem-relebactam, and 85% were aztreonam-resistant. Neither imipenem nor imipenem-relebactam was bactericidal alone while aztreonam was bactericidal against 54% of isolates. The combination of aztreonam+imipenem was bactericidal and synergistic against 7/13 and 10/13 isolates. The addition of relebactam to this combination resulted in synergy against all 11 aztreonam-resistant clin. isolates.Aztreonam plus imipenem-relebactam may be a viable treatment option for aztreonam-non-susceptible NDM and serine 尾-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-((((Z)-1-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2S,3S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethylidene)amino)oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas: 78110-38-0Product Details of 78110-38-0).

2-((((Z)-1-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2S,3S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethylidene)amino)oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas: 78110-38-0) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazoles frequently appear in peptide studies. Thiazoles can also be used as protected formyl groups, which can be released in later stages of complex natural product synthesis.Various laboratory methods exist for the organic synthesis of thiazoles. For example, 2,4-dimethylthiazole is synthesized from thioacetamide and chloroacetone.Product Details of 78110-38-0

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Solubility of several sulfanilamide compounds in water and in water-alcohol mixtures was written by Sapozhnikova, N. V.;Postovskii, I. Ya.. And the article was included in Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii (Sankt-Peterburg, Russian Federation) in 1944.Reference of 127-76-4 This article mentions the following:

The solubilities in water of sulfanilamide, sulfaguanidine, sulfapyridine, sulfamethylthiazole, sulfathiazole, sulfamethyldiazine and their Ac derivatives were determined at 20-39掳. N’-heterocyclic derivatives have poor water solubility Heats of solution range from 9500 to 10, 600 cal./mol. All compounds, except diacetylsulfanilamide have maximum solubility in EtOH-water mixtures of 67-76% EtOH. Solubilities in water up to 100掳 are given in graphical form. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(4-(N-(Thiazol-2-yl)sulfamoyl)phenyl)acetamide (cas: 127-76-4Reference of 127-76-4).

N-(4-(N-(Thiazol-2-yl)sulfamoyl)phenyl)acetamide (cas: 127-76-4) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazoles are a class of five-membered rings containing nitrogen and sulfur with excellent antitumor, antiviral and antibiotic activities. Various laboratory methods exist for the organic synthesis of thiazoles. Prominent is the Hantzsch thiazole synthesis is a reaction between haloketones and thioamides.Reference of 127-76-4

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-amino substituted benzothiazoles was written by Pattan, Shashikant R.;Pujar, V. D.;Dighe, Nachiket S.;Musmade, Deepak S.;Hiremath, S. N.;Shinde, H. V.;Laware, R. B.. And the article was included in Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry in 2010.HPLC of Formula: 89793-81-7 This article mentions the following:

New pyrazinyl-substituted 2-aminobenzothiazoles were prepared by multiple steps. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by m.p., TLC, IR, and H¹ NMR. All the compounds showed promising anti-inflammatory activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Nitrobenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine (cas: 89793-81-7HPLC of Formula: 89793-81-7).

7-Nitrobenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine (cas: 89793-81-7) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazoles frequently appear in peptide studies. Thiazoles can also be used as protected formyl groups, which can be released in later stages of complex natural product synthesis. The pyridine-type nitrogen in the thiazole ring deactivates the ring for electrophilic substitution reactions, which is further reduced in acid due to protonation of the thiazole ring.HPLC of Formula: 89793-81-7

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Impact of Preferential 蟺-Binding in Catalyst-Transfer Polycondensation of Thiazole Derivatives was written by Smith, Mitchell L.;Leone, Amanda K.;Zimmerman, Paul M.;McNeil, Anne J.. And the article was included in ACS Macro Letters in 2016.Name: Methyl 2-amino-5-bromothiazole-4-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

Polymerizing electron-deficient arenes in a controlled, chain-growth fashion remains a significant challenge despite a decade of research on catalyst-transfer polycondensation. The prevailing hypothesis is that the chain-growth mechanism stalls at a strongly associated metal-polymer 蟺-complex, preventing catalyst turnover. To evaluate this hypothesis, we performed mechanistic studies using thiazole derivatives and identified approaches to improve their chain-growth polymerization These studies revealed a surprisingly high barrier for chain-walking toward the reactive C-X bond. In addition, a competitive pathway involving chain-transfer to monomer was identified. This pathway is facilitated by ancillary ligand dissociation and N-coordination to the incoming monomer. We found that this chain-transfer pathway can be attenuated by using a rigid ancillary ligand, leading to an improved polymerization Combined, these studies provide mechanistic insight into the challenges associated with electron-deficient monomers and ways to improve their living, chain-growth polymerization Our mechanistic studies also revealed an unexpected radical anion-mediated oligomerization in the absence of catalyst, and a surprising oxidative addition into the thiazole C-S bond in a model system. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-amino-5-bromothiazole-4-carboxylate (cas: 850429-60-6Name: Methyl 2-amino-5-bromothiazole-4-carboxylate).

Methyl 2-amino-5-bromothiazole-4-carboxylate (cas: 850429-60-6) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazole rings are planar and aromatic. Thiazoles are characterized by larger pi-electron delocalization than the corresponding oxazoles and have therefore greater aromaticity. Thiazole sulfonation occurs only under forcing conditions: the action of oleum at 250 掳C for 3 hours in the presence of mercury(II) sulfate leads to 65% formation of 5-thiazole sulfonic acid.Name: Methyl 2-amino-5-bromothiazole-4-carboxylate

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Chemical synthesis, molecular modeling and pharmacophore mapping of new pyrrole derivatives as inhibitors of InhA enzyme and Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth was written by Joshi, Shrinivas D.;Kumar, S. R. Prem;Patil, Sonali;Vijayakumar, M.;Kulkarni, Venkatarao H.;Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.;Badiger, Aravind M.;Lherbet, Christian;Aminabhavi, Tejraj M.. And the article was included in Medicinal Chemistry Research in 2019.Safety of 2-Amino-4-(3-bromophenyl)thiazole This article mentions the following:

Abstract: Substituted phenylthiazolyl benzamide and pyrrolyl benzamide derivatives were developed using mol. hybridization technique to create novel lead antimycobacterial mols. used to fight against Mycobacteriumtuberculosis. The newly synthesized mols. have inhibited InhA, the enoyl-ACP reductase enzyme from the mycobacterial type II fatty acid biosynthetic pathway. Of these, compound 3b showed H-bonding interactions with Tyr158 and co-factor NAD⁺ that binds the active site of InhA. All the mols. were screened for in vitro antitubercular activity against M. tuberculosis H₃₇Rv, as well as some representative mols. as the inhibitors of InhA. Thirteen compounds exhibited good anti-TB activities (MIC = 1.6渭g/mL), but only few representative mols. showed the moderate InhA enzyme inhibition activity. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Amino-4-(3-bromophenyl)thiazole (cas: 105512-81-0Safety of 2-Amino-4-(3-bromophenyl)thiazole).

2-Amino-4-(3-bromophenyl)thiazole (cas: 105512-81-0) belongs to thiazole derivatives. The thiazole ring has been identified as a central feature of numerous natural products, perhaps the most famous example of which is epothilone. Thiazole sulfonation occurs only under forcing conditions: the action of oleum at 250 掳C for 3 hours in the presence of mercury(II) sulfate leads to 65% formation of 5-thiazole sulfonic acid.Safety of 2-Amino-4-(3-bromophenyl)thiazole

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

One-Pot Domino Synthesis of Diarylalkynes/1,4-Diaryl-1,3-diynes by [9,9-Dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)xanthene] (Xantphos)-Copper(I) Iodide-Palladium(II) Acetate-Catalyzed Double Sonogashira-Type Reaction was written by Qiu, Shaozhong;Zhang, Caiyang;Qiu, Rui;Yin, Guodong;Huang, Jinkun. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2018.Category: thiazole This article mentions the following:

The low loading combination of the complex [9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)xanthene] (Xantphos)copper(I) iodide and simple ligand-free palladium(II) acetate was found to be efficient for the domino synthesis of diarylalkynes by the reaction of aryl halides with trimethylsilylethynylene or bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene in a single-step procedure. The unsym. diarylalkynes can be obtained through a one-pot two-step approach. The reactions of aryl bromides with 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)butadiyne also furnished the corresponding 1,4-diaryl-1,3-diynes in a similar fashion. This route to diarylalkynes and 1,4-diaryl-1,3-diynes is complementary to previously reported synthetic procedures. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromothiazole (cas: 3034-53-5Category: thiazole).

2-Bromothiazole (cas: 3034-53-5) belongs to thiazole derivatives. The thiazole ring has been identified as a central feature of numerous natural products, perhaps the most famous example of which is epothilone. Thiazole is a versatile building block for the construction and lead generation of new drug discoveries. Numerous diazole-based compounds are in clinical use as anticancer, antileukemic, antiinflammatory, antiviral, antifungal, antirheumatic, immunomodulator, and antiparasitic agents.Category: thiazole

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Skp2 is associated with paclitaxel resistance in prostate cancer cells was written by Yang, Yeguo;Lu, Yi;Wang, Lihui;Mizokami, Atsushi;Keller, Evan T.;Zhang, Jian;Fu, Jiejun. And the article was included in Oncology Reports in 2016.Formula: C24H24N2O3S This article mentions the following:

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed tumor in men in the United States. Patients with hormone refractory prostate cancer are often treated with paclitaxel, but most of them eventually develop drug resistance. S-phase kinase associated protein 2 (Skp2) is a component of the SCF (Skp1-Cullin1-F-box) type of E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes. In the present study, we investigated the role of Skp2 in paclitaxel-resistant DU145-TxR or PC-3-TxR cells by Skp2 silencing or using Skp2 inhibitors. We first confirmed that Skp2 expression is upregulated in DU145-TxR or PC-3-TxR cells compared with their parental cells DU145 or PC-3, resp. Knockdown of Skp2 or Skp2 inhibitor treatment in DU145-TxR or PC-3-TxR cells restored paclitaxel sensitivity. E-cadherin was decreased while Vimentin was increased in PC-3-TxR or DU145-TxR cells. In addition, p27 expression was inversely correlated with Skp2 expression in DU145-TxR or PC-3-TxR cells. Moreover, p27 was found to increase in both Skp2 silencing PC-3-TxR and DU145-TxR cells. These results suggest that Skp2 is associated with prostate cancer cell resistance to paclitaxel. Skp2 may be a potential therapeutic target for drug-resistant prostate cancer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-6-ethyl-7-hydroxy-8-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (cas: 222716-34-9Formula: C24H24N2O3S).

3-(Benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-6-ethyl-7-hydroxy-8-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (cas: 222716-34-9) belongs to thiazole derivatives. The higher aromaticity of thiazole is due to delocalization of a lone pair of sulfur electrons across the ring, which is evidenced by chemical shifts of ring hydrogen at 未 7.27 and 8.77 ppm (C2 and C4), indicating diamagnetic ring current. The pyridine-type nitrogen in the thiazole ring deactivates the ring for electrophilic substitution reactions, which is further reduced in acid due to protonation of the thiazole ring.Formula: C24H24N2O3S

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Nitrogen-Doped Graphene-Activated Iron-Oxide-Based Nanocatalysts for Selective Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes was written by Jagadeesh, Rajenahally V.;Natte, Kishore;Junge, Henrik;Beller, Matthias. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2015.Category: thiazole This article mentions the following:

Nanoscaled iron oxides on carbon were modified with nitrogen-doped graphene (NGr) and found to be excellent catalysts for the chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes to anilines. Under standard reaction conditions, a variety of functionalized and structurally diverse anilines, which serve as key building blocks and central intermediates for fine and bulk chems., were synthesized in good to excellent yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Nitrobenzothiazole (cas: 2942-06-5Category: thiazole).

6-Nitrobenzothiazole (cas: 2942-06-5) belongs to thiazole derivatives. The thiazole ring has been identified as a central feature of numerous natural products, perhaps the most famous example of which is epothilone. Thiazole sulfonation occurs only under forcing conditions: the action of oleum at 250 掳C for 3 hours in the presence of mercury(II) sulfate leads to 65% formation of 5-thiazole sulfonic acid.Category: thiazole

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Vulcanization of butadiene-nitrile rubber in the presence of ammonium thiocyanate was written by Blokh, G. A.;Zorina, V. B.;Duplyakin, V. D.. And the article was included in Khimicheskaya Tekhnologiya (Kiev) in 1983.Safety of 5-Amino-3H-1,2,4-dithiazole-3-thione This article mentions the following:

Regression equations were derived for optimizing the vulcanization of SKN-26 rubber in the presence of NH₄SCN (I)-Altax (II) [120-78-5]-ZnO system or I–xanthane聽hydride (III) [6846-35-1] system at 416 K with respect to 300% modulus, tensile strength, and breaking elongation. The optimum content of I, II, ZnO, and III were determined from solutions of the equations. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Amino-3H-1,2,4-dithiazole-3-thione (cas: 6846-35-1Safety of 5-Amino-3H-1,2,4-dithiazole-3-thione).

5-Amino-3H-1,2,4-dithiazole-3-thione (cas: 6846-35-1) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazoles in peptides or their ability to bind proteins, DNA and RNA has led to many synthetic studies and new applications. Thiazole is a versatile building block for the construction and lead generation of new drug discoveries. Numerous diazole-based compounds are in clinical use as anticancer, antileukemic, antiinflammatory, antiviral, antifungal, antirheumatic, immunomodulator, and antiparasitic agents.Safety of 5-Amino-3H-1,2,4-dithiazole-3-thione

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica