Heterocyclic Building Blocks-Thiazole

Dillies, Justine published the artcileEnzymatic depolymerization of industrial lignins by laccase-mediator systems in 1,4-dioxane/water, Safety of Ammonium 2,2′-(hydrazine-1,2-diylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole-6-sulfonate), the publication is Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry (2020), 67(5), 774-782, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Lignin is the second most abundant polymer after cellulose in lignocellulosic biomass. Its aromatic composition and recalcitrant nature make its valorization a major challenge for obtaining low mol. weight aromatics compounds with high value-added from the enzymic depolymerization of industrial lignins. The oxidation reaction of lignin polymer using laccases alone remains inefficient. Therefore, researches are focused on the use of a laccase-mediator system (LMS) to facilitate enzymic depolymerization Until today, the LMS system was studied using water-soluble lignin only (com. lignins, modified lignins, or lignin model compounds). This work reports a study of three LMS systems to depolymerize the three major industrial lignins (organosolv lignin, Kraft lignin, and sodium lignosulfonate). We show that an enzymic depolymerization of these lignins can be achieved by LMS using laccase from Trametes versicolor, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt as mediator and a cosolvent (25% of 1,4-dioxane) to enhance the solubilization of lignins.

Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry published new progress about 30931-67-0. 30931-67-0 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Salt,Hydrazine,Amine,Benzothiazole, name is Ammonium 2,2′-(hydrazine-1,2-diylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole-6-sulfonate), and the molecular formula is C18H24N6O6S4, Safety of Ammonium 2,2′-(hydrazine-1,2-diylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole-6-sulfonate).

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Karskela, Marika published the artcileSynthesis and Cellular Uptake of Fluorescent Labeled Multivalent Hyaluronan Disaccharide Conjugates of Oligonucleotide Phosphorothioates, HPLC of Formula: 1192027-04-5, the publication is Bioconjugate Chemistry (2008), 19(12), 2549-2558, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Clustered hyaluronan disaccharides were studied as mediators of cellular delivery of antisense oligonucleotides through receptor-mediated endocytosis. For this purpose, a synthetic route for preparation of an appropriately protected hyaluronic acid dimer bearing an aldehyde tether I was devised. Up to three non-nucleosidic phosphoramidite building blocks, each bearing two phthaloyl protected aminooxy groups, were then inserted into the 3′-terminus of the desired phosphorothioate oligodeoxyribonucleotide, and 6-FAM phosphoramidite was introduced into the 5′-terminus. After completion of the chain assembly, the aldehyde-tethered sugar ligands were attached to the deprotected aminooxy functions by on-support oximation. Three fluorescein-labeled phosphorothioate oligonucleotide glycoconjugates containing two, four, or six hyaluronan disaccharides were prepared The influence of the hyaluronan moieties on the cellular uptake of the thiolated oligonucleotides was tested in a cell line expressing the hyaluronan receptor CD44. Specific uptake was not detected with this combination of multiple hyaluronan disaccharides.

Bioconjugate Chemistry published new progress about 1192027-04-5. 1192027-04-5 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Other Aliphatic Heterocyclic,Amine, name is N,N-Dimethyl-N’-(3-thioxo-3H-1,2,4-dithiazol-5-yl)formimidamide, and the molecular formula is C5H7N3S3, HPLC of Formula: 1192027-04-5.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Pundeer, Rashmi published the artcileGreen and expeditious synthesis of some 2-amino/arylamino-4-(1-naphthyl)thiazole derivatives using [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene, Related Products of thiazole, the publication is Indian Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry (2016), 25(3-4), 311-315, database is CAplus.

The synthesis of a series of 2-amino/arylamino-4-(1-naphthyl)thiazoles I (R = C₆H₅, 4-O₂NC₆H₄, 4-FC₆H₄, etc.) under solvent-free and eco-friendly conditions by applying ‘Grindstone Chem. Technique’ using [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene is described practicing the modified Hantzsch thiazole synthesis of α-tosyloxyacetonaphthone and thiourea/substituted thioureas.

Indian Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry published new progress about 56503-96-9. 56503-96-9 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Thiazole,Amine,Naphthalene, name is 4-(Naphthalen-1-yl)thiazol-2-amine, and the molecular formula is C13H10N2S, Related Products of thiazole.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Vernin, Gaston published the artcileApplications of Snyder’s theory on linear adsorption chromatography to heterocyclic compounds. I. Influence of the polar and steric effects of various substituents on the adsorption energy of thiazoles on alumina, Product Details of C4H5NS2, the publication is Journal of Chromatography (1970), 46(1), 48-65, database is CAplus.

The Snyder theory of linear adsorption chromatog., that was applied to on e hundred thiazole derivatives, made it possible to determine exptl. the adsorption energies of the compounds and to compare these with the adsorption energies calculated by means of fixed tables. In a study on thiazoles containing one or two alkyl groups, this comparison made it possible to determine the variations in adsorption energy of the N atom of the ring due to the polarization effects and to the steric effects induced by the alkyl groups and to relate these effects to the constant relations which exist between the polarization and steric effects of the substituents. A similar investigation was made on 4-aryl thiazoles with various substituents in the 2-position. In this case variations in the adsorption energy of the mols. due to the polarization effects of the groups substituted para to the phenyl group with respect to the substituents in the 2-position were studied, and the mutual electronic interactions between the various groups were determined

Journal of Chromatography published new progress about 5053-24-7. 5053-24-7 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Thiazole,sulfides, name is 2-(Methylthio)thiazole, and the molecular formula is C12H23N3S, Product Details of C4H5NS2.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Azhagu Saravana Babu, P. published the artcilePolyphenolic composition and invitro evaluation of radical scavenging and anti diabetic properties of Canthium parviflorum, HPLC of Formula: 30931-67-0, the publication is International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences (Madurai, India) (2020), 11(Suppl.4), 1056-1061, database is CAplus.

The main objective of the present study was to investigate the nutraceutical properties of the bioactive components from the extracts of Canthium parviflorum seeds (CPS). The anti-oxidant property of CPS extracts was carried out by estimating the total phenolic, flavonoid contents, flavonols, flavonols and radical scavenging properties. The results of these findings show that the aqueous extract of CPS rich in polyphenols (87.5 ± 0.2 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (50.1 ± 0.2 mg QE/g) compounds than organic extracts The effective inhibitory activity of CPS against α-amylase and α-glucosidases enzyme related to type-2 diabetes was evaluated and compared. The aqueous extract was exhibited the maximum α-amylase and β-glucosidase inhibition of 91.1 ± 0.4 and 90.5 ± 0.1% resp. The seed extracts show a maximum of 25.5% of protein and 6.4 mg/100g of zinc. The seed extract was exhibited maximum anti-oxidant property with beta carotene content of 5.4 mg/100g of seed. The present work may be the platform to use to develop high-value nutritional compounds by unutilized plant materials. The natural antioxidant and polyphenols present in the extracts were showed great nutraceutical value, and it may be used to develop nutraceutical to enhance a healthy diet.

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences (Madurai, India) published new progress about 30931-67-0. 30931-67-0 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Salt,Hydrazine,Amine,Benzothiazole, name is Ammonium 2,2′-(hydrazine-1,2-diylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole-6-sulfonate), and the molecular formula is C18H24N6O6S4, HPLC of Formula: 30931-67-0.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Solbach, C. published the artcileEfficient radiosynthesis of carbon-11 labelled uncharged Thioflavin T derivatives using [¹¹C]methyl triflate for β-amyloid imaging in Alzheimer’s Disease with PET, Recommanded Product: 2-(4-Aminophenyl)-6-methylbenzothiazole, the publication is Applied Radiation and Isotopes (2005), 62(4), 591-595, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The synthesis of carbon-11 amino function labeled uncharged Thioflavin T derivatives is known to be performed by reaction of the demethyl-precursors with [¹¹C]methyl iodide but the labeling yields are only mediocre. The use of [¹¹C]methyl triflate improved the radiochem. yield of three potential β-amyloid imaging PET-radiotracers significantly. Performance of the labeling reaction by reacting the corresponding precursor mols. with [¹¹C]methyl triflate for 1 min at 80° led to radiochem. yields of 44±10% (n = 5) for [¹¹C]6-Me-BTA-1, 68±4% (n = 10) for [¹¹C]BTA-1 and 58±2% (n = 5) for [¹¹C]6-OH-BTA-1 with respect to [¹¹C]methyl triflate. In production runs (60 min, 50 μA) up to 6500 MBq (mean: 4000±1900 MBq) of [¹¹C]6-Me-BTA-1, 7900 MBq (mean: 6000±1000 MBq) of [¹¹C]BTA-1 and 7100 MBq (mean: 6300±600 MBq) of [¹¹C]6-OH-BTA-1 could be obtained ready for i.v. injection. The radiochem. purity was >95% with specific activities in the range of 80-120 GBq/μmol (EOS) within a total synthesis time of less than 40 min after EOB.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes published new progress about 92-36-4. 92-36-4 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Organic Pigment, name is 2-(4-Aminophenyl)-6-methylbenzothiazole, and the molecular formula is C12H15NO, Recommanded Product: 2-(4-Aminophenyl)-6-methylbenzothiazole.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Sagnou, Marina published the artcileA Phenylbenzothiazole Conjugate with the Tricarbonyl fac-[M(I)(CO)₃]⁺ (M = Re, ⁹⁹Tc, ^99mTc) Core for Imaging of β-Amyloid Plaques, Computed Properties of 92-36-4, the publication is European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry (2012), 2012(27), 4279-4286, S4279/1-S4279/6, database is CAplus.

The 2-(4′-aminophenyl)-6-methylbenzothiazole that is known to display affinity and specificity toward the amyloid plaques of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been joined to the tricarbonyl [M(CO)₃NNO] chelate (M = Re, ⁹⁹Tc, and ^99mTc) through a five-carbon linker chain to generate the neutral complex (1) (namely, Re-1 for M = Re; 99Tc-1 for M = ⁹⁹Tc; and 99mTc-1 for M = ^99mTc) with the aim of developing a single-photon emission computed tomog. (SPECT) radiodiagnostic agent for AD. Re-1 was characterized by spectroscopic methods and x-ray crystallog., whereas the detailed NMR spectroscopic anal. of 99Tc-1 demonstrated its structural similarity to Re-1. Complexes Re-1 and 99Tc-1 display selective binding affinity for amyloid plaques as evidenced by fluorescence spectroscopy, whereas the biodistribution data of 99mTc-1 characterized by relatively low brain uptake, fast clearance from brain and blood, and in vivo stability are considered encouraging for further elaboration on the structural features of 1 in the direction of increased brain uptake.

European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry published new progress about 92-36-4. 92-36-4 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Organic Pigment, name is 2-(4-Aminophenyl)-6-methylbenzothiazole, and the molecular formula is C14H12N2S, Computed Properties of 92-36-4.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Ahmad, Shahbaz published the artcileAttenuation of Hg(II)-induced cellular and DNA damage in human blood cells by uric acid, Recommanded Product: Ammonium 2,2′-(hydrazine-1,2-diylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole-6-sulfonate), the publication is Biochemistry and Cell Biology (2022), 100(1), 45-58, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Mercury (Hg) is a widespread environmental pollutant and toxicant that induces multiple organ damage in humans and animals. Hg toxicity is mediated by the induction of oxidative stress in the target cells. We used uric acid (UA), a potent antioxidant found in biol. fluids, to protect human red blood cells (RBC) and lymphocytes against Hg-mediated cell, organelle, and genotoxicity. RBCs were incubated with mercuric chloride (HgCl2), an Hg(II) compound, either alone or in the presence of UA. Incubation of RBCs with only HgCl2 increased the production of nitrogen and oxygen radical species, enhanced metHb levels, heme degradation, free ferrous iron, oxidation of proteins and membrane lipids, and reduced the antioxidant capacity of cells. UA enhanced the antioxidant capacity of RBCs and restored metabolic, plasma membrane-bound, and antioxidant enzyme activities. SEM showed that UA prevented HgCl2-mediated morphol. changes in RBCs. HgCl2 dissipated the mitochondrial membrane potential and increased lysosomal membrane damage in lymphocytes, but UA pre-treatment attenuated these effects. Genotoxicity anal. by comet assay showed that UA protected lymphocyte DNA from HgCl2-induced damage. Importantly, UA itself did not exhibit any deleterious effects on RBCs or lymphocytes. Thus, UA protects human blood cells from Hg(II)-mediated oxidative damage, reducing the harmful effects of this extremely toxic metal. We suggest that UA has a similar protective role in plasma against heavy metal toxicity.

Biochemistry and Cell Biology published new progress about 30931-67-0. 30931-67-0 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Salt,Hydrazine,Amine,Benzothiazole, name is Ammonium 2,2′-(hydrazine-1,2-diylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole-6-sulfonate), and the molecular formula is C18H24N6O6S4, Recommanded Product: Ammonium 2,2′-(hydrazine-1,2-diylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole-6-sulfonate).

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Haroun, Michelyne published the artcileExploration of the Antimicrobial Effects of Benzothiazolylthiazolidin-4-One and In Silico Mechanistic Investigation, Recommanded Product: 6-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-ylamine, the publication is Molecules (2021), 26(13), 4061, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Infectious diseases still affect large populations causing significant morbidity and mortality. Bacterial and fungal infections for centuries were the main factors of death and disability of millions of humans. Despite the progress in the control of infectious diseases, the appearance of resistance of microbes to existing drugs creates the need for the development of new effective antimicrobial agents. In an attempt to improve the antibacterial activity of previously synthesized compounds modifications to their structures were performed. Nineteen thiazolidinone derivatives with 6-Cl, 4-OMe, 6-CN, 6-adamantan, 4-Me, 6-adamantan substituents at benzothiazole ring were synthesized and evaluated against panel of four bacterial strains S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, E. coli and S. typhimirium and three resistant strains MRSA, E. coli and P. aeruginosa in order to improve activity of previously evaluated 6-OCF3-benzothiazole-based thiazolidinones. The evaluation of min. inhibitory and min. bactericidal concentration was determined by microdilution method. As reference compounds ampicillin and streptomycin were used. All compounds showed antibacterial activity with MIC in range of 0.12-0.75 mg/mL and MBC at 0.25->1.00 mg/mL The most active compound among all tested appeared to be compound 18, with MIC at 0.10 mg/mL and MBC at 0.12 mg/mL against P. aeruginosa. as well as against resistant strain P. aeruginosa with MIC at 0.06 mg/mL and MBC at 0.12 mg/mL almost equipotent with streptomycin and better than ampicillin. Docking studies predicted that the inhibition of LD-carboxypeptidase is probably the possible mechanism of antibacterial activity of tested compounds The best improvement of antibacterial activity after modifications was achieved by replacement of 6-OCF3 substituent in benzothiazole moiety by 6-Cl against S. aureus, MRSA and resistant strain of E. coli by 2.5 folds, while against L. monocytogenes and S. typhimirium from 4 to 5 folds.

Molecules published new progress about 95-24-9. 95-24-9 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Organic Pigment, name is 6-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-ylamine, and the molecular formula is C7H5ClN2S, Recommanded Product: 6-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-ylamine.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Le, Thao Nguyen published the artcileA convenient colorimetric bacteria detection method utilizing chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles, Formula: C18H24N6O6S4, the publication is Nanomaterials (2020), 10(1), 92, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

An effective novel strategy to detect bacteria is promising because it may improve human health by allowing early diagnosis and timely treatment of bacterial infections. Here, we report a simple, reliable, and economical colorimetric assay using the peroxidase-like activity of chitosan-coated iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (CS-MNPs). When CS-MNPs are incubated with a sample containing bacterial cells such as the gram-neg. Escherichia coli or the gram-pos. Staphylococcus aureus, the neg.-charged bacterial membrane interacts with pos.-charged chitosan on the surface of CS-MNPs, thus resulting in significant reduction of their peroxidase-like activity presumably by a hindrance in the accessibility of the neg. charged substrate, 2-2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) to the pos.-charged CS-MNPs. This simple colorimetric strategy allowed the rapid detection of bacterial cells down to 104 CFU mL-1 by the naked eye and 102 CFU mL-1 by spectrophotometry within 10 min. Based on the results, we anticipate that the CS-MNPs-based assay has great potential for the on-site diagnosis of bacterial infections in facility-limited or point-of-care testing (POCT) environments.

Nanomaterials published new progress about 30931-67-0. 30931-67-0 belongs to thiazole, auxiliary class Salt,Hydrazine,Amine,Benzothiazole, name is Ammonium 2,2′-(hydrazine-1,2-diylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole-6-sulfonate), and the molecular formula is C18H24N6O6S4, Formula: C18H24N6O6S4.

Referemce:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiazole,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica