Tag: 435.4328

Validated preclinical mouse model for therapeutic testing against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains was written by Warawa, Jonathan M.;Duan, Xiaoxian;Anderson, Charles D.;Sotsky, Julie B.;Cramer, Daniel E.;Pfeffer, Tia L.;Guo, Haixun;Adcock, Scott;Lepak, Alexander J.;Andes, David R.;Slone, Stacey A.;Stromberg, Arnold J.;Gabbard, Jon D.;Severson, William E.;Lawrenz, Matthew B.. And the article was included in Microbiology Spectrum in 2022.Recommanded Product: 78110-38-0 This article mentions the following:

The rise in infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria is outpacing the development of new antibiotics. The ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) are a group of clin. important bacteria that have developed resistance to multiple antibiotics and are commonly referred to as multidrug resistant (MDR). The medical and research communities have recognized that, without new antimicrobials, infections by MDR bacteria will soon become a leading cause of morbidity and death. Therefore, there is an ever-growing need to expedite the development of novel antimicrobials to combat these infections. Toward this end, we set out to refine an existing mouse model of pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection to generate a robust preclin. tool that can be used to rapidly and accurately predict novel antimicrobial efficacy. This refinement was achieved by characterizing the virulence of a panel of genetically diverse MDR P. aeruginosa strains in this model, by both 50% LD (LD₅₀) anal. and natural history studies. Further, we defined two antibiotic regimens (aztreonam and amikacin) that can be used as comparators during the future evaluation of novel antimicrobials, and we confirmed that the model can effectively differentiate between successful and unsuccessful treatments, as predicted by in vitro inhibitory data. This validated model represents an important tool in our arsenal to develop new therapies to combat MDR P. aeruginosa strains, with the ability to provide rapid preclin. evaluation of novel antimicrobials and support data from clin. studies during the investigational drug development process. IMPORTANCE The prevalence of antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens is a growing problem that necessitates the development of new antibiotics. Preclin. animal models are important tools to facilitate and speed the development of novel antimicrobials. Successful outcomes in animal models not only justify progression of new drugs into human clin. trials but also can support FDA decisions if clin. trial sizes are small due to a small population of infections with specific drug-resistant strains. However, in both cases the preclin. animal model needs to be well characterized and provide robust and reproducible data. Toward this goal, we have refined an existing mouse model to better predict the efficacy of novel antibiotics. This improved model provides an important tool to better predict the clin. success of new antibiotics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-((((Z)-1-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2S,3S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethylidene)amino)oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas: 78110-38-0Recommanded Product: 78110-38-0).

2-((((Z)-1-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2S,3S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethylidene)amino)oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas: 78110-38-0) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazole is a five-membered, unsaturated, planar, π-excessive heteroaromatic containing one sulfur atom and one pyridine-type nitrogen atom at position 3 of the cyclic ring system. The nitrogen in thiazole is sp2 hybridized and the lone pair of electrons localized on the nitrogen is less reactive due to increased aromatic character and decreased basicity. It is protonated and alkylated/acylated at nitrogen forming hydrochloride and quaternary thiazolium salt.Recommanded Product: 78110-38-0

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Aztreonam in combination with imipenem-relebactam against clinical and isogenic strains of serine and metallo-β-lactamase-producing enterobacterales was written by Biagi, Mark;Lee, Michelle;Wu, Tiffany;Shajee, Aisha;Patel, Shitalben;Deshpande, Lalitagauri M.;Mendes, Rodrigo E.;Wenzler, Eric. And the article was included in Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease in 2022.Product Details of 78110-38-0 This article mentions the following:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of aztreonam plus imipenem-relebactam against clin. and isogenic strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae co-harboring NDM and > 1 serine β-lactamase.Thirteen isolates were included: 4 clin. E. coli, 4 clin. K. pneumoniae, and 5 isogenic E. coli. Drugs were tested in time-kill analyses alone, in dual β-lactam combinations, and in triple drug combinations against all strains.All isolates were resistant to imipenem and imipenem-relebactam, and 85% were aztreonam-resistant. Neither imipenem nor imipenem-relebactam was bactericidal alone while aztreonam was bactericidal against 54% of isolates. The combination of aztreonam+imipenem was bactericidal and synergistic against 7/13 and 10/13 isolates. The addition of relebactam to this combination resulted in synergy against all 11 aztreonam-resistant clin. isolates.Aztreonam plus imipenem-relebactam may be a viable treatment option for aztreonam-non-susceptible NDM and serine β-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-((((Z)-1-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2S,3S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethylidene)amino)oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas: 78110-38-0Product Details of 78110-38-0).

2-((((Z)-1-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2S,3S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethylidene)amino)oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas: 78110-38-0) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazoles frequently appear in peptide studies. Thiazoles can also be used as protected formyl groups, which can be released in later stages of complex natural product synthesis.Various laboratory methods exist for the organic synthesis of thiazoles. For example, 2,4-dimethylthiazole is synthesized from thioacetamide and chloroacetone.Product Details of 78110-38-0

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Emergence and evolution of unique plasmids harboring blaIMP-70 and blaCTX-M-253 in multidrug-resistant Providencia rettgeri was written by Watanabe, Mako;Nakano, Ryuichi;Tanouchi, Ayako;Nakano, Akiyo;Suzuki, Yuki;Saito, Kai;Sakata, Ryuji;Ogawa, Miho;Yano, Hisakazu. And the article was included in Microbiology Spectrum in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 78110-38-0 This article mentions the following:

Although the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales remains low in Japan, these bacteria are a growing problem worldwide, owing to their multidrug resistance phenotype. We isolated a multidrug-resistant Providencia rettgeri strain, NR1418, harboring a rare blaIMP variant, blaIMP-70, a novel blaCTX-M variant, designated blaCTX-M-253, and blaMOX-1. This strain is resistant to β-lactams, amikacin, levofloxacin, and colistin. Genomic anal. revealed that NR1418 carries two plasmids, designated pNR1418-1 and pNR1418-2. The pNR1418-1 plasmid harbors blaCTX-M-253, blaTEM-1, and blaMOX-1, while the pNR1418-2 plasmid harbors blaIMP-70, which is located in a class 1 integron. Both plasmids exhibit high similarities with the plasmid of the P. rettgeri isolate BML2526, which also harbors blaIMP-70 and was identified in the same region of Japan as NR1418 at a different point in time. This indicates the possibility of the emergence and evolution of IMP-70-producing P. rettgeri and suggests that the plasmid of BML2526 may have occurred following recombination of the two plasmids harbored by NR1418. Further, blaIMP-70 and blaCTX-M-253 were found on unique plasmids, indicating that they likely evolved through mutations and recombination. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-((((Z)-1-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2S,3S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethylidene)amino)oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas: 78110-38-0HPLC of Formula: 78110-38-0).

2-((((Z)-1-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2S,3S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethylidene)amino)oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas: 78110-38-0) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazole is a five-membered, unsaturated, planar, π-excessive heteroaromatic containing one sulfur atom and one pyridine-type nitrogen atom at position 3 of the cyclic ring system. Various laboratory methods exist for the organic synthesis of thiazoles. Prominent is the Hantzsch thiazole synthesis is a reaction between haloketones and thioamides.HPLC of Formula: 78110-38-0

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Isolation and characterization of a highly virulent Edwardsiella piscicida strain responsible for mass mortality in marbled eel (Anguilla marmorata) cultured in Korea was written by Jung, Won Joon;Kwon, Jun;Giri, Sib Sankar;Kim, Sang Guen;Kim, Sang Wha;Kang, Jeong Woo;Lee, Sung Bin;Lee, Young Min;Oh, Woo Taek;Jun, Jin Woo;Park, Se Chang. And the article was included in Aquaculture in 2022.Product Details of 78110-38-0 This article mentions the following:

Edwardsiella infections have the potential to induce immense economic losses by affecting multiple fish species, and have been increasingly reported in aquaculture. Edwardsiella tarda, Edwardsiella hoshinae, and Edwardsiella ictaluri have all been previously associated with mass mortality. Recent technol. advances in bacterial identification have identified E. piscicida and E. anguillarum as important pathogens affecting global fisheries. Strains previously identified as E. tarda have been re-grouped based on new sequence data and phylogenetic studies. E. piscicida was classified as a novel species in 2012 and has since been reported to have caused mortality in diverse fish species in numerous countries that are potentially more threatening than the mortality caused by E. tarda. Eels are one of the most consumed fish species in Asia, and Anguilla japonica is a commonly reared species in fisheries. However, due to increasing global eel consumption, attempts to culture marbled eel (A. marmorata) have been recently carried out in many Asian countries including Korea. The external clin. signs of Edwardsiella piscicida- infected marbled eel (A. marmorata) were enlarged liver, hemorrhagic congestion at the base of fins and on the skin, as well as hemorrhagic ascites and multifocal abscesses were found in the liver. Histopathol. on E. piscicida- infected tissues revealed bacteremia, multifocal necrotizing hepatitis with vasculitis and splenitis with vasculitis. This study reports the first E. piscicida infection case responsible for mass mortality in A. marmorata cultured in Korea. Our study focused on the isolation and histopathol. characterization of this bacterial strain to better understand its damage on A. marmorata. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-((((Z)-1-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2S,3S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethylidene)amino)oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas: 78110-38-0Product Details of 78110-38-0).

2-((((Z)-1-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2S,3S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethylidene)amino)oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas: 78110-38-0) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazole rings are planar and aromatic. Thiazoles are characterized by larger pi-electron delocalization than the corresponding oxazoles and have therefore greater aromaticity. The pyridine-type nitrogen in the thiazole ring deactivates the ring for electrophilic substitution reactions, which is further reduced in acid due to protonation of the thiazole ring.Product Details of 78110-38-0

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Molecular characterization of blaNDM-carrying IncX3 plasmids: blaNDM-16b likely emerged from a mutation of blaNDM-5 on IncX3 plasmid was written by Ariyoshi, Tsukasa;Aoki, Kotaro;Kubota, Hiroaki;Sadamasu, Kenji;Ishii, Yoshikazu;Tateda, Kazuhiro. And the article was included in Microbiology Spectrum in 2022.Formula: C13H17N5O8S2 This article mentions the following:

Dissemination of blaNDM, which is carried on the IncX3 plasmid, among Enterobacterales has been reported worldwide. In particular, blaNDM-5-carrying IncX3 plasmids can spread among several hosts, facilitating their dissemination. Other variants, such as blaNDM-17-, blaNDM-19-, blaNDM-20-, blaNDM-21-, and blaNDM-33-carrying IncX3 plasmids, have also been reported. Here, we characterized, using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), a blaNDM-16b-carrying IncX3 plasmid harbored by Escherichia coli strain TA8571, which was isolated from a urine specimen of a hospital inpatient in Tokyo, Japan. The blaNDM-16b differed in sequence from blaNDM-5 (C > T at site 698, resulting in an Ala233Val substitution). This blaNDM-16b-carrying IncX3 plasmid (pTMTA8571-1) is 46,161 bp in length and transferred via conjugation. Transconjugants showed high resistance to β-lactam antimicrobials (except for aztreonam). Because pTMTA8571-1, which carries the Tn125-related region containing blaNDM and conjugative transfer genes, was similar to the previously reported IncX3 plasmids, we performed phylogenetic anal. based on the sequence of 34 shared genes in 142 blaNDM-carrying IncX3 plasmids (22,846/46,923 bp). Comparative anal. of the shared genes revealed short branches on the phylogenetic tree (average of 1.08 nucleotide substitutions per shared genes), but each blaNDM variant was divided into sep. groups, and the structure of the tree correlated with the flowchart of blaNDM nucleotide substitutions. The blaNDM-carrying IncX3 plasmids may thereby have evolved from the same ancestral plasmid with subsequent mutation of the blaNDM. Therefore, pTMTA8571-1 likely emerged from a blaNDM-5-carrying IncX3 plasmid. This study suggested that the spread of blaNDM-carrying IncX3 plasmids may be a hotbed for the emergence of novel variants of blaNDM. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-((((Z)-1-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2S,3S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethylidene)amino)oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas: 78110-38-0Formula: C13H17N5O8S2).

2-((((Z)-1-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2S,3S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethylidene)amino)oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas: 78110-38-0) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazoles in peptides or their ability to bind proteins, DNA and RNA has led to many synthetic studies and new applications. Thiazole sulfonation occurs only under forcing conditions: the action of oleum at 250 °C for 3 hours in the presence of mercury(II) sulfate leads to 65% formation of 5-thiazole sulfonic acid.Formula: C13H17N5O8S2

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Plasmid-borne AFM alleles in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates from China was written by Chen, Minhua;Cai, Heng;Li, Yue;Wang, Nanfei;Zhang, Piaopiao;Hua, Xiaoting;Yu, Yunsong;Sun, Renhua. And the article was included in Microbiology Spectrum in 2022.Related Products of 78110-38-0 This article mentions the following:

Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) is a pathogen of global concern due to the fact that therapeutic drugs are limited. Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing P. aeruginosa has become a critical part of CRPA. Alcaligenes faecalis metallo-β-lactamase (AFM) is a newly identified subclass B1b MBL. In this study, 487 P. aeruginosa strains isolated from patients and the environment in an intensive care unit were screened for AFM alleles. Five AFM-producing strains were identified, including four AFM-2-producing strains (ST262) and one AFM-4-producing strain (ST671). AFM-2-producing strains were isolated from rectal and throat swabs, and AFM-4-producing strains were isolated from the water sink. The blaAFM-₂ carrying plasmids belonged to the IncP-2 type, while the blaAFM-₄ carrying plasmid pAR19438 was a pSTY-like megaplasmid. Plasmid pAR19438 was acquired blaAFM-₄ by the integration of the Tn1403-like transposon. All blaAFM genes were embedded in an ISCR29-blaAFM unit core module flanked by class 1 integrons. The core module of blaAFM-₂ was ISCR29-ΔgroL-blaAFM-₂-bleMBL-ΔtrpF-ΔISCR, while the core module of blaAFM-₄ was ISCR29-ΔgroL-blaAFM-₂-bleMBL-ΔtrpF-ISCR-msrB-msrA-yfcG-corA-ΔISCR. The flanking sequences of ISCR29-blaAFM units also differed. The expression of AFM-2 and AFM-4 in DH5α and PAO1 illustrated the same effect for the evaluation of the MICs of β-lactams, except for aztreonam. Identification of AFM-4 underscores that the quick spread and emerging development of mutants of MBLs require continuous surveillance in P. aeruginosa. IMPORTANCE Acquiring metallo-pβ-lactamase genes is one of the important carbapenem resistance mechanisms of P. aeruginosa. Alcaligenes faecalis metallo-β-lactamase is a newly identified metallo-β-lactamase, the prevalence and genetic context of which need to be explored. In this study, we identified AFM-producing P. aeruginosa strains among clin. isolates and found a new mutant of AFM, AFM-4. The blaAFM-₄ carrying plasmid pAR19438 was a pSTY-like megaplasmid, unlike the plasmids encoding other blaAFM alleles. The genetic context of blaAFM-₄ was also different. However, AFM-2 and AFM-4 had the same impacts on antibiotic susceptibility. The presence and transmission of AFM alleles in P. aeruginosa pose a challenge to clin. practice. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-((((Z)-1-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2S,3S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethylidene)amino)oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas: 78110-38-0Related Products of 78110-38-0).

2-((((Z)-1-(2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(((2S,3S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-1-sulfoazetidin-3-yl)amino)-2-oxoethylidene)amino)oxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid (cas: 78110-38-0) belongs to thiazole derivatives. Thiazole rings are planar and aromatic. Thiazoles are characterized by larger pi-electron delocalization than the corresponding oxazoles and have therefore greater aromaticity. Thiazole is a versatile building block for the construction and lead generation of new drug discoveries. Numerous diazole-based compounds are in clinical use as anticancer, antileukemic, antiinflammatory, antiviral, antifungal, antirheumatic, immunomodulator, and antiparasitic agents.Related Products of 78110-38-0

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica