Tag: M.W=250-300

Kjaer, Christina; Bull, James N.; Carrascosa, Eduardo; Nielsen, Steen Broendsted; Bieske, Evan J. published the artcile< Action spectroscopy of isomer-selected luciferin anions>, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-(6-Hydroxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, the main research area is phenolate luciferin electrospray ionization laser spectroscopy.

Luciferin mols. are common luminophores found throughout the biol. kingdoms. Here, electrospray ionization and tandem ion mobility spectrometry coupled with laser spectroscopy are used to demonstrate that D-luciferin and oxyluciferin deprotonated anions can be produced in two isomeric forms, which can be separated by virtue of their different collision cross sections with a buffer gas. The two isomers possess distinguishable but partially overlapping photodepletion action spectra over the visible range, implying distinct intrinsic absorption profiles. The site of deprotonation and tautomeric forms of the electrosprayed isomers are assigned through comparisons between exptl. and calculated collision cross sections and electronic excitation energies. The study clearly shows that electrospray ionization of biochromophore mols. can generate multiple isomeric forms with distinct electronic spectra. Graphic Abstract: [graphic not available: see fulltext].

European Physical Journal D: Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics published new progress about Electronic spectra. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-(6-Hydroxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Weber, Rebecca Z.; Bodenmann, Chantal; Uhr, Daniela; Zurcher, Kathrin J.; Wanner, Debora; Generali, Melanie; Nitsch, Roger M.; Rust, Ruslan; Tackenberg, Christian published the artcile< Intracerebral transplantation and in vivo bioluminescence tracking of human neural progenitor cells in the mouse brain>, Related Products of 2591-17-5, the main research area is human neural progenitor cell brain intracerebral transplantation bioluminescence tracking.

Cell therapy has long been an emerging treatment paradigm in exptl. neurobiol. However, cell transplantation studies often rely on end-point measurements and can therefore only evaluate longitudinal changes of cell migration and survival to a limited extent. This paper provides a reliable, minimally invasive protocol to transplant and longitudinally track neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the adult mouse brain. Before transplantation, cells are transduced with a lentiviral vector comprising a bioluminescent (firefly-luciferase) and fluorescent (green fluorescent protein [GFP]) reporter. The NPCs are transplanted into the right cortical hemisphere using stereotaxic injections in the sensorimotor cortex. Following transplantation, grafted cells were detected through the intact skull for up to five weeks (at days 0, 3, 14, 21, 35) with a resolution limit of 6,000 cells using in vivo bioluminescence imaging. Subsequently, the transplanted cells are identified in histol. brain sections and further characterized with immunofluorescence. Thus, this protocol provides a valuable tool to transplant, track, quantify, and characterize cells in the mouse brain.

Journal of Visualized Experiments published new progress about Animal tissue. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Related Products of 2591-17-5.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Martin-Burgos, Blanca; Wang, Wanqi; William, Ivana; Tir, Selma; Mohammad, Innus; Javed, Reja; Smith, Stormi; Cui, Yilin; Arzavala, Jessica; Mora, Dalilah; Smith, Ciearra B.; van der Vinne, Vincent; Molyneux, Penny C.; Miller, Stephen C.; Weaver, David R.; Leise, Tanya L.; Harrington, Mary E. published the artcile< Methods for detecting PER2:LUCIFERASE bioluminescence rhythms in freely moving mice>, Quality Control of 2591-17-5, the main research area is circadian rhythm bioluminescence gene expression photomultiplier tube; CycLuc1; PERIOD2; bioluminescence; circadian; in vivo; luciferase; peripheral oscillators; reporter gene.

Circadian rhythms are driven by daily oscillations of gene expression. An important tool for studying cellular and tissue circadian rhythms is the use of a gene reporter, such as bioluminescence from the reporter gene luciferase controlled by a rhythmically expressed gene of interest. Here we describe methods that allow measurement of circadian bioluminescence from a freely moving mouse housed in a standard cage. Using a LumiCycle In Vivo (Actimetrics), we determined conditions that allow detection of circadian rhythms of bioluminescence from the PER2 reporter, PER2::LUC, in freely behaving mice. The LumiCycle In Vivo applies a background subtraction that corrects for effects of room temperature on photomultiplier tube (PMT) output. We tested delivery of d-luciferin via a s.c. minipump and in the drinking water. We demonstrate spikes in bioluminescence associated with drinking bouts. Further, we demonstrate that a synthetic luciferase substrate, CycLuc1, can support circadian rhythms of bioluminescence, even when delivered at a lower concentration than d-luciferin, and can support longer-term studies. A small difference in phase of the PER2::LUC bioluminescence rhythms, with females phase leading males, can be detected with this technique. We share our anal. scripts and suggestions for further improvements in this method. This approach will be straightforward to apply to mice with tissue-specific reporters, allowing insights into responses of specific peripheral clocks to perturbations such as environmental or pharmacol. manipulations.

Journal of Biological Rhythms published new progress about Biological oscillations. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Quality Control of 2591-17-5.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Schramm, Stefan; Al-Handawi, Marieh B.; Karothu, Durga Prasad; Kurlevskaya, Anastasiya; Commins, Patrick; Mitani, Yasuo; Wu, Chun; Ohmiya, Yoshihiro; Naumov, Pance published the artcile< Mechanically Assisted Bioluminescence with Natural Luciferase>, Computed Properties of 2591-17-5, the main research area is mechanic bioluminescence luciferase; Cypridina; bioluminescence; luciferase; mechanochemistry; solvent-assisted reactions.

Mechanochem. analogs have recently been established for several enzymic reactions, but they require periodic interruption of the reaction for sampling, dissolution, and (bio)chem. anal. to monitor their progress. By applying a mechanochem. procedure to induce bioluminescence analogous to that used by the marine ostracod Cypridina (Vargula) hilgendorfii, the light emitted by a bioluminescent reaction can be used to directly monitor the progress of a mechanoenzymic reaction without sampling. Mech. treatment of Cypridina luciferase with luciferin generates bright blue light which can be readily detected and analyzed spectroscopically. This mech. assisted bioluminescence proceeds through a mechanism identical to that of bioluminescence in solution, but has higher activation energy due to being diffusion-controlled in the viscous matrix. The results suggest that luciferases could be used as light-emissive reporters of mechanoenzymic reactions.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about Bioluminescence. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Computed Properties of 2591-17-5.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Schmidt, Ulrich; Utz, Roland; Lieberknecht, Albrecht; Griesser, Helmut; Potzolli, Bernd; Bahr, Johanna; Wagner, Karin; Fischer, Peter published the artcile< Amino acids and peptides. 60. Synthesis of biologically active cyclopeptides. 10. Synthesis of 16 structural isomers of dolastatin 3. II. Synthesis of the linear educts and the cyclopeptides>, Related Products of 96929-05-4, the main research area is dolastatin 3 isomer; structure dolastatin 3 NMR.

Sixteen isomers (I and II) of the cancerostatic cyclopeptide dolastatin 3 were synthesized. The proposed structure of dolastatin 3 is shown by 1H NMR spectrometry to be incorrect.

Synthesis published new progress about Isomers. 96929-05-4 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C12H18N2O4S, Related Products of 96929-05-4.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Love, Anna C.; Prescher, Jennifer A. published the artcile< Seeing (and Using) the Light: Recent Developments in Bioluminescence Technology>, Quality Control of 2591-17-5, the main research area is review luciferase luciferin bioluminescence optical imaging; bioluminescence; imaging; luciferase; luciferin; optogenetics.

A review. Bioluminescence has long been used to image biol. processes in vivo. This technol. features luciferase enzymes and luciferin small mols. that produce visible light. Bioluminescent photons can be detected in tissues and live organisms, enabling sensitive and noninvasive readouts on physiol. function. Traditional applications have focused on tracking cells and gene expression patterns, but new probes are pushing the frontiers of what can be visualized. The past few years have also seen the merger of bioluminescence with optogenetic platforms. Luciferase-luciferin reactions can drive light-activatable proteins, ultimately triggering signal transduction and other downstream events. This review highlights these and other recent advances in bioluminescence technol., with an emphasis on tool development. We showcase how new luciferins and engineered luciferases are expanding the scope of optical imaging. We also highlight how bioluminescent systems are being leveraged not just for sensing-but also controlling-biol. processes.

Cell Chemical Biology published new progress about Bioluminescence. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Quality Control of 2591-17-5.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Ren, Qi; Dai, Lu; Zhang, Hui; Tan, Wenfei; Xu, Zhengshuang; Ye, Tao published the artcile< Total synthesis of largazole>, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-(((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methyl)thiazole-4-carboxylate, the main research area is largazole asym total synthesis.

The stereocontrolled total synthesis of largazole was accomplished starting from 3-[(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]propanol in 5.8% overall yield, unambiguously confirming its structure. Key steps included the use of the Nagao thiazolidinethione auxiliary for a diastereoselective acetate aldol reaction, thiazoline-thiazole formation, and macrolactamization by use of the Mukaiyama reagent.

Synlett published new progress about Aldol addition, stereoselective. 96929-05-4 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C12H18N2O4S, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-(((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methyl)thiazole-4-carboxylate.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Xiao, Yao; Peng, Jinrong; Liu, Qingya; Chen, Lijuan; Shi, Kun; Han, Ruxia; Yang, Qian; Zhong, Lin; Zha, Ruoyu; Qu, Ying; Qian, Zhiyong published the artcile< Ultrasmall CuS@BSA nanoparticles with mild photothermal conversion synergistically induce MSCs-differentiated fibroblast and improve skin regeneration>, COA of Formula: C11H8N2O3S2, the main research area is copper sulfide BSA nanoparticle MSC fibroblast skin regeneration; CuS@BSA; MSCs; differentiation; photothermal conversion; wound healing..

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies have been used in skin regeneration due to their ability to differentiate into many cells, promote cytokine secretion and participate in collagen deposition. In this study, we concluded that a CuS@BSA nanoparticles exhibited similar potential in inducing MSCs differentiation to fibroblasts as Cu ions for wound healing. First, we verified the photothermal efficiency of CuS@BSA in vivo and vitro and had no cytotoxicity for MSCs when the temperature was controlled at 42°C by adjusting the power of irradiation at 980 nm. And then we detected the expression of vimentin in MSCs, which further directed the MSCs to fibroblasts through Western blotting and Immunofluorescence when treated with CuS@BSA or pre-heat at 42°C. In addition, we implanted MSCs into the Matrigel or electrospun PLA nanofiber membrane in vitro to evaluating the effect of heating or CuS@BSA on the morphol. change of MSCs by SEM. Finally, we evaluated improving skin regeneration by the combination of preheated-MSCs and CuS@BSA nanoparticles that were encapsulated in Matrigel. The CuS@BSA nanoparticles have good photothermal conversion efficiency. Not only CuS nanoparticles itself or after irradiation at 980 nm stimulated the expressioin of vimentin in MSCs. Besides, the CuS@BSA can promote cell proliferation as Cu ion through the expression of ERK. The combination of the CuS@BSA nanoparticles and thermal treatment synergistically improved the closure of an injured wound in an injured wound model. MSCs combined with CuS@BSA are a promising wound dressing for the reconstruction of full-thickness skin injuries.

Theranostics published new progress about Bioluminescence. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, COA of Formula: C11H8N2O3S2.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

Fan, Di; Wang, Ting; Hu, Jinhui; Zhou, Lin; Zhou, Jiahong; Wei, Shaohua published the artcile< Plasmid DNA-Based Bioluminescence-Activated System for Photodynamic Therapy in Cancer Treatment>, Electric Literature of 2591-17-5, the main research area is cervical cancer plasmid DNA bioluminescence photodynamic therapy; hypericin; luciferase; photodynamic therapy; plasmid DNA; singlet oxygen.

The low depth of tissue penetration by therapeutic light sources severely restricts photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating deep-seated tumors. Using a luciferase/D-luciferin bioluminescence system to artificially create internal light sources in cells instead of external light sources is an effective means of solving the above problems. However, high-efficiency bioluminescence requires a higher concentration of luciferase in the cell, which poses a considerable challenge to the existing system of enzyme loading, delivery, activity and retention of drugs, and dramatically increases the cost of treatment. We loaded the substrate D-luciferin, and the photosensitizer hypericin into a polyethyleneimine (PEI)-modified nano-calcium phosphate (CaP) to solve this problem. Subsequently, the plasmid DNA containing the luciferase gene was loaded onto it using the high-d. pos. charge characteristic of PEI from the nanodrug (denoted DHDC). After the DHDC enters the tumor cell, it collapses and releases the plasmid DNA, which uses the intracellular protein synthesis system to continuously and massively express luciferase. Using endogenous ATP, Mg2+, and O2 in cells, luciferase oxidizes D-luciferin and produces luminescence. The luminescence triggers hypericin excitation to generate ROS and kill cancer cells. This study provides a new strategy for the application of bioluminescence in PDT treatment.

ChemMedChem published new progress about Antitumor agents. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Electric Literature of 2591-17-5.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica

de Souza, Daniel Rangel; Silva, Jaqueline Rodrigues; Moreira, Ariele; Viviani, Vadim R. published the artcile< Biosensing firefly luciferin synthesis in bacteria reveals a cysteine-dependent quinone detoxification route in Coleoptera>, Application of C11H8N2O3S2, the main research area is .

Abstract: Luciferin biosynthetic origin and alternative biol. functions during the evolution of beetles remain unknown. We have set up a bioluminescent sensing method for luciferin synthesis from cysteine and benzoquinone using E. coli and Pichia pastoris expressing the bright Amydetes vivianii firefly and P. termitilluminans click beetle luciferases. In the presence of D-cysteine and benzoquinone, intense bioluminescence is quickly produced, indicating the expected formation of D-luciferin. Starting with L-cysteine and benzoquinone, the bioluminescence is weaker and delayed, indicating that bacteria produce L-luciferin, and then racemize it to D-luciferin in the presence of endogenous esterases, CoA and luciferase. In bacteria the p-benzoquinone toxicity (IC50 ∼ 25 μM) is considerably reduced in the presence of cysteine, maintaining cell viability at 3.6 mM p-benzoquinone concomitantly with the formation of luciferin. Transcriptional anal. showed the presence of gene products involved with the sclerotization/tanning in the photogenic tissues, suggesting a possible link between these pathways and bioluminescence. The lack of two enzymes involved with the last steps of these pathways, indicate the possible accumulation of toxic quinone intermediates in the lanterns. These results and the abundance of cysteine producing enzymes suggest that luciferin first appeared as a detoxification byproduct of cysteine reaction with accumulated toxic quinone intermediates during the evolution of sclerotization/tanning in Coleoptera.

Scientific Reports published new progress about 2591-17-5. 2591-17-5 belongs to class thiazole, and the molecular formula is C11H8N2O3S2, Application of C11H8N2O3S2.

Referemce:
Thiazole | C3H3NS – PubChem,
Thiazole | chemical compound | Britannica